Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
The electronic medicines compendium (emc) no longer publishes a Summary of Product Characteristics for this product, which usually means it is no longer marketed in the UK. The patient leaflet below is kept for reference, but the product may not be available.
If you were prescribed this medicine, other products containing Nitrofurantoin may still be available. Do not stop your treatment — ask your pharmacist or GP what to use instead.
for Nitrofurantoin (the active substance in Nitrofurantoin Capsules) is an antibiotic. It is used to prevent and treat infections of the bladder, kidney and other parts of the urinary tract. You must talk to a doctor if you do not feel better or if you feel worse.
e Nitrofurantoin capsules Do not take Nitrofurantoin Capsules:
Driving and using machines Nitrofurantoin Capsules may cause dizziness and drowsiness. You should not drive or operate machinery if you are affected this way until such symptoms go away. Nitrofurantoin Capsules contains lactose If you have been told by your doctor that you are intolerant to some sugars, contact your doctor before taking this medicine. Information on sodium content This medicine contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per dosage, that is to say essentially 'sodium-free'.
Nitrofurantoin capsules Always take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure. The recommended dose is: Adults: The normal dosage depends on the type of infection you have, and instructions should be written on the label provided by the pharmacist. Consult your pharmacist or doctor if these instructions are not clear. The usual doses are:
Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Most of them are mild and disappear when you stop taking Nitrofurantoin Capsules. All medicines can cause allergic reactions although serious allergic reactions are rare. If you notice any sudden wheeziness, difficulty in breathing, swelling of the eyelids, face or lips, rash or itching (especially affecting your whole body) STOP TAKING your medicine and go to a doctor immediately. If you experience any of the side effects detailed below stop taking Nitrofurantoin Capsules and consult your doctor.
Reporting of side effects If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store. By reporting side-effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine
NITROFURANTOIN CAPSULES Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children. Do not store above 30°C. Store in the original package to protect from light and moisture. Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the carton after EXP. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month. Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help to protect the environment.
What Nitrofurantoin Capsules contains: The active substance is Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin Capsules are available in two strengths, containing either 50mg or 100mg nitrofurantoin. The other ingredients are talc, maize starch, lactose monohydrate. The capsule shell contains gelatin, sodium lauryl sulphate, quinoline yellow (E104) and titanium dioxide (E171). The printing ink contains shellac and black iron oxide (E172). What Nitrofurantoin Capsules looks like and contents of the pack: Nitrofurantoin 50mg capsule is a no. 3 size hard gelatin capsule with an opaque yellow cap and white opaque body. The capsules are printed in edible black ink and bears the monogram "Eaton 008". Nitrofurantoin 100mg capsule is a no. 2 size hard gelatin capsule with an opaque yellow cap and yellow opaque body. The capsules are printed in edible black ink and bears the monogram "Eaton 009". The capsules are available in blister packs of 30. Marketing Authorisation Holder: Mercury Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dashwood House, 69 Old Broad Street, London, EC2M 1QS, United Kingdom Manufacturer Lusomedicamenta S.A., Sociedade Técnica Farmacêutica, Estrada Consiglieri Pedroso, 69-B, Queluz de Baixo, 2730-055 Barcarena, Portugal. This leaflet was last revised in April 2026 .
Nitrofurantoin 50mg Capsules comes as capsule containing 50mg. Always follow the dose your doctor or pharmacist has given you, and read the leaflet that comes with the medicine.
The active substance in Nitrofurantoin 50mg Capsules is nitrofurantoin.
Medicines with the same active substance, strength and form include: Nitrofurantoin 50 mg Capsules, Nitrofurantoin 50 mg Hard Capsules, Nitrofurantoin 50 mg capsules. In total there are 5 equivalent products. They are interchangeable only if your prescriber or pharmacist says so.
This leaflet reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for Nitrofurantoin 50mg Capsules, as published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). The version printed inside your medicine’s packaging is the one that applies to you.
Whether a medicine is available over the counter or on prescription only depends on its licence. Check the leaflet, or ask your pharmacist — they can tell you straight away.
The text above reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for this medicine, restructured for easier reading.
For the treatment of and prophylaxis against acute or recurrent, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections or pyelitis either spontaneous or following surgical procedures. It is indicated in adults, children and infants over 3 months old.
Nitrofurantoin is specifically indicated for the treatment of infections when due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, enterococci, staphylococci, Citrobacter, Klebsiella and Enterobacter.
Posology
Adults
Acute Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): 50 mg four times daily for seven days.
Severe chronic recurrence (UTIs): 100 mg four times daily for seven days.
Long term suppression: 50-100 mg once a day.
Prophylaxis: 50 mg four times daily for the duration of procedure and for three days thereafter.
Paediatric population
Children and Infants over three months of age
Acute Urinary Tract Infections: 3mg/kg day in four divided doses for seven days.
Suppressive - 1mg/kg, once a day.
For children under 25 kg body weight consideration should be given to the use of Nitrofurantoin Suspension.
Elderly
Provided there is no significant renal impairment, in which Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated, the dosage should be that for any normal adult. See precaution and risks to elderly patients associated with long-term therapy (see section 4.8).
Renal impairment
Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in patients with renal dysfunction and in patients with an eGFR of less than 45 ml/minute (see sections 4.3 & 4.4).
Method of administration
For oral use
This medicine should always be taken with food or milk. Taking Macrodantin Capsules with a meal improves absorption and is important for optimal efficacy.
• Hypersensitivity to the active substance, other nitrofurans or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
• Patients suffering from renal dysfunction with an eGFR below 45 ml/minute.
• G6PD deficiency (see also Section 4.6)
• Acute porphyria.
• In infants under three months of age as well as pregnant patients at term (during labour and delivery) because of the theoretical possibility of haemolytic anaemia in the foetus or in the newborn infant due to immature erythrocyte enzyme systems.
Nitrofurantoin is not effective for the treatment of parenchymal infections of unilaterally non-functioning kidney. A surgical cause for infection should be excluded in recurrent or severe cases.
Nitrofurantoin may be used with caution as short-course therapy only for the treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection in individual cases with an eGFR between 30-44 ml/min to treat resistant pathogens, when the benefits are expected to outweigh the risks.
Since pre-existing conditions may mask adverse reactions, Nitrofurantoin should be used with caution in patients with pulmonary disease, hepatic dysfunction, neurological disorders, and allergic diathesis.
Peripheral neuropathy and susceptibility to peripheral neuropathy which may become severe or irreversible has occurred and may be life threatening. Therefore, treatment should be stopped at the first signs of neural involvement (paraesthesia).
Nitrofurantoin should be used in caution with patients with anaemia, diabetes mellitus, electrolyte imbalance, debilitating conditions and vitamin B (particularly folate) deficiency.
Pulmonary adverse reactions
Acute, subacute and chronic pulmonary reactions have been observed in patients treated with nitrofurantoin. If these reactions occur, nitrofurantoin should be discontinued immediately. Signs of pulmonary damage include difficulty and or pain when breathing, shortness of breath and coughing up blood or mucus.
Chronic pulmonary reactions
Chronic pulmonary reactions (including pulmonary fibrosis and diffuse interstitial pneumonitis) can develop insidiously and can often occur in elderly patients. Close monitoring of the lung disease of patients receiving long-term therapy is indicated (especially in the elderly).
Acute pulmonary reactions
Pulmonary reactions may be acute and usually occur within the first week of treatment. Increased vigilance for respiratory symptoms in patients who have just started therapy is warranted (especially in the elderly).
Patient should be monitored closely for signs of hepatitis (particularly in long term use). Urine may be coloured yellow or brown after taking Nitrofurantoin. Patients on Nitrofurantoin are susceptible to false positive urinary glucose (if tested for reducing substances).
Nitrofurantoin should be discontinued at any sign of haemolysis in those with suspected glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
Discontinue treatment with Nitrofurantoin if otherwise unexplained pulmonary, hepatic, haematological or neurological syndromes occur.
Hepatotoxicity
Hepatic reactions, including hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, chronic active hepatitis, and hepatic necrosis, occur rarely. Fatalities have been reported. The onset of chronic active hepatitis may be insidious, and patients should be monitored periodically for changes in biochemical tests that would indicate liver injury. If hepatitis occurs, the drug should be withdrawn immediately, and appropriate measures should be taken.
Excipients
Capsule contains lactose and sodium
Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, total lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
This medicine contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per dosage, that is to say essentially 'sodium-free'.
1. Increased absorption with food or agents delaying gastric emptying.
2. Decreased absorption with magnesium trisilicate.
3. Decreased renal excretion of Nitrofurantoin by probenecid and sulfinpyrazone.
4. Decreased anti-bacterial activity by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and urine alkalisation.
5. Anti-bacterial antagonism by quinolone anti-infectives.
6. Interference with some tests for glucose in urine.
7. As Nitrofurantoin belongs to the group of Antibacterials, it will have the following interaction:
• Typhoid Vaccine (oral): Antibacterials inactivate oral typhoid vaccine.
Pregnancy
Animal studies with Nitrofurantoin have shown no teratogenic effects, however study in rats has shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3). Nitrofurantoin has been in extensive clinical use since 1952, and its suitability in human pregnancy has been well documented. However, as with all other drugs, the maternal side effects may adversely affect course of pregnancy. The drug should be used at the lowest dose as appropriate for a specific indication, only after careful assessment.
Nitrofurantoin is however contraindicated in infants under three months of age and in pregnant women during labour and delivery, because of the possible risk of haemolysis of the infants' immature red cells.
Breast-feeding
Breast feeding an infant known or suspected to have an erythrocyte enzyme deficiency (including G6PD deficiency), must be temporarily avoided, since Nitrofurantoin is detected in trace amounts in breast milk.
Fertility
No data available
Nitrofurantoin may cause dizziness and drowsiness and the patient should not drive or operate machinery if affected this way.
A tabulated list of undesirable effects is outlined below:
The undesirable effects are listed according to organ systems and following frequencies:
Rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000)
Not known (cannot be estimated from the available data)
System organ class
Frequency
Adverse reaction
Infections and infestations
Not known
Superinfections by fungi or resistant organisms such as Pseudomonas. However, these are limited to the genitourinary tract
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Rare
Not known
Aplastic anaemia
Agranulocytosis, leucopenia, granulocytopenia, haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, glucose¬6-phosphatedehydrogenase deficiency anaemia, megaloblastic anaemia and eosinophilia
Immune system disorders
Not known
Anaphylaxis, angioneurotic oedema and allergic skin reactions
Psychiatric disorders
Not known
Psychotic reactions, depression, euphoria, confusion,
Nervous system disorders
Not known
Benign intracranial hypertension, peripheral neuropathy including optic neuritis (sensory as well as motor involvement), nystagmus, vertigo, dizziness, headache and drowsiness.
Cardiac disorders
Rare
Collapse and cyanosis
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Not known
Pulmonary fibrosis; possible association with lupus-erythematous-like syndrome. acute pulmonary reactions, *
subacute pulmonary reactions, *
chronic pulmonary reactions, *
cough, dyspnoea
Gastrointestinal disorders
Not known
Sialadenitis., pancreatitis, , anorexia, emesis, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and nausea.
Hepatobiliary disorders
Not known
Chronic active hepatitis (fatalities have been reported), hepatic necrosis, autoimmune hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Not known
Drug Rash With Eosinophilia And Systemic Symptoms (DRESS syndrome)
Lupus-like syndrome associated with pulmonary reaction, exfoliative dermatitis and erythema multiforme (including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome), maculopapular, erythematous or eczematous eruptions, cutaneous vasculitis, urticaria, rash, and pruritus. transient alopecia
Renal and urinary disorders
Not known
interstitial nephritis, yellow or brown discolouration of urine
General disorders and administration site conditions
Not known
Asthenia, fever, chills, drug fever and arthralgia
Investigations
Not known
False positive urinary glucose
* Acute pulmonary reactions are commonly manifested by fever, chills, cough, chest pain, dyspnoea, pulmonary infiltration with consolidation or pleural effusion on chest x-ray, and eosinophilia. In subacute pulmonary reactions, fever and eosinophilia occur less often than in the acute form. Chronic pulmonary reactions occur rarely in patients who have received continuous therapy for six months or longer and are more common in elderly patients. Changes in ECG have occurred, associated with pulmonary reactions
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions:
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
Symptoms
Symptoms and signs of overdose include gastric irritation, nausea and vomiting.
Management
There is no known specific antidote. However, Nitrofurantoin can be haemodialyzed in cases of recent ingestion. Standard treatment is by induction of emesis or by gastric lavage. Monitoring of full blood count, liver function, and pulmonary function tests are recommended. A high fluid intake should be maintained to promote urinary excretion of the drug.
Ask anything about Nitrofurantoin 50mg Capsules. The assistant answers only from this leaflet — if the leaflet does not cover it, it will say so. It does not give medical advice.
Answers come from the patient leaflet published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). They are not medical advice. Ask a pharmacist or your GP if you are unsure. For urgent help call NHS 111, or 999 in an emergency.
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