4.1. Therapeutic indications

Decrease of elevated intraocular pressure in adult patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma (see section 5.1).

Decrease of elevated intraocular pressure in paediatric patients aged 2 months to < 18 years with ocular hypertension or paediatric glaucoma (see section 5.1).

4.2. Posology and method of administration

Posology

Use in adults, including elderly population

The dose is one drop of TRAVATAN in the conjunctival sac of the affected eye(s) once daily. Optimal effect is obtained if the dose is administered in the evening.

Nasolacrimal occlusion or gently closing the eyelid after administration is recommended. This may reduce the systemic absorption of medicinal products administered via the ocular route and result in a decrease in systemic adverse reactions.

If more than one topical ophthalmic medicinal product is being used, the medicinal products must be administered at least 5 minutes apart (see section 4.5).

If a dose is missed, treatment should be continued with the next dose as planned. The dose should not exceed one drop in the affected eye(s) daily.

When substituting another ophthalmic antiglaucoma medicinal product with TRAVATAN, the other medicinal product should be discontinued and TRAVATAN should be started the following day.

Hepatic and renal impairment

TRAVATAN has been studied in patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment and in patients with mild to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance as low as 14 ml/min). No dosage adjustment is necessary in these patients (see section 5.2).

Paediatric population

TRAVATAN can be used in paediatric patients from 2 months to < 18 years at the same posology as in adults. However, data in the age group 2 months to < 3 years (9 patients) is limited (see section 5.1).

The safety and efficacy of TRAVATAN in children below the age of 2 months have not been established. No data are available.

Method of Administration

For ocular use.

For patients who wear contact lenses, please refer to section 4.4.

The patient should remove the protective overwrap immediately prior to initial use. To prevent contamination of the dropper tip and solution, care must be taken not to touch the eyelids, surrounding areas or other surfaces with the dropper tip of the bottle.

4.3. Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.

4.4. Special warnings and precautions for use

Eye colour change

TRAVATAN may gradually change the eye colour by increasing the number of melanosomes (pigment granules) in melanocytes. Before treatment is instituted, patients must be informed of the possibility of a permanent change in eye colour. Unilateral treatment can result in permanent heterochromia. The long term effects on the melanocytes and any consequences thereof are currently unknown. The change in iris colour occurs slowly and may not be noticeable for months to years. The change in eye colour has predominantly been seen in patients with mixed coloured irides, i.e., blue-brown, grey-brown, yellow-brown and green-brown; however, it has also been observed in patients with brown eyes. Typically, the brown pigmentation around the pupil spreads concentrically towards the periphery in affected eyes, but the entire iris or parts of it may be become more brownish. After discontinuation of therapy, no further increase in brown iris pigment has been observed.

Periorbital and eye lid changes

In controlled clinical trials, periorbital and/or eyelid skin darkening in association with the use of TRAVATAN has been reported in 0.4% of patients. Periorbital and lid changes including deepening of the eyelid sulcus have also been observed with prostaglandin analogues.

TRAVATAN may gradually change eyelashes in the treated eye(s); these changes were observed in about half of the patients in clinical trials and include: increased length, thickness, pigmentation, and/or number of lashes. The mechanism of eyelash changes and their long term consequences are currently unknown.

TRAVATAN has been shown to cause slight enlargement of the palpebral fissure in studies in the monkey. However, this effect was not observed during the clinical trials and is considered to be species specific.

There is no experience of TRAVATAN in inflammatory ocular conditions; nor in neovascular, angle-closure, narrow-angle or congenital glaucoma and only limited experience in thyroid eye disease, in open-angle glaucoma of pseudophakic patients and in pigmentary or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. TRAVATAN should therefore be used with caution in patients with active intraocular inflammation.

Aphakic patients

Macular oedema has been reported during treatment with prostaglandin F2a analogues. Caution is recommended when using Travatan in aphakic patients, pseudophakic patients with a torn posterior lens capsule or anterior chamber lenses, or in patients with known risk factors for cystoid macular oedema.

Iritis/uveitis

In patients with known predisposing risk factors for iritis/uveitis, TRAVATAN should be used with caution.

Contact with the skin

Skin contact with TRAVATAN must be avoided as transdermal absorption of travoprost has been demonstrated in rabbits.

Prostaglandins and prostaglandin analogues are biologically active materials that may be absorbed through the skin. Women who are pregnant or attempting to become pregnant should exercise appropriate precautions to avoid direct exposure to the contents of the bottle. In the unlikely event of coming in contact with a substantial portion of the contents of the bottle, thoroughly cleanse the exposed area immediately.

Contact lenses

Patients must be instructed to remove contact lenses prior to application of TRAVATAN and wait 15 minutes after instillation of the dose before reinsertion.

Excipients

TRAVATAN contains propylene glycol which may cause skin irritation.

TRAVATAN contains polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 40 which may cause skin reactions.

Paediatric population

Efficacy and safety data in the age group 2 months to < 3 years (9 patients) is limited (see section 5.1). No data are available for children below the age of 2 months.

In children < 3 years old that mainly suffer from PCG (primary congenital glaucoma), surgery (e.g. trabeculotomy/goniotomy) remains the first line treatment.

No long-term safety data are available in the paediatric population.

4.5. Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

No interaction studies have been performed.

4.6. Fertility, pregnancy and lactation

Women of child-bearing potential/contraception

TRAVATAN must not be used in women of child bearing age/potential unless adequate contraceptive measures are in place (see section 5.3).

Pregnancy

Travoprost has harmful pharmacological effects on pregnancy and/or the fetus/new-born child. TRAVATAN should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly necessary.

Breastfeeding

It is unknown whether travoprost from the eye drops is excreted in human breast milk. Animal studies have shown excretion of travoprost and metabolites in breast milk. The use of TRAVATAN by breast-feeding mothers is not recommended.

Fertility

There are no data on the effects of TRAVATAN on human fertility. Animal studies showed no effect of travoprost on fertility at doses more than 250 times the maximum recommended human ocular dose.

4.7. Effects on ability to drive and use machines

TRAVATAN has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines, however as with any eye drop, temporary blurred vision or other visual disturbances may affect the ability to drive or use machines. If blurred vision occurs at instillation, the patient must wait until the vision clears before driving or using machines.

4.8. Undesirable effects

Summary of the safety profile

In clinical trials with TRAVATAN, the most common adverse reactions were ocular hypearemia and iris hyperpigmentation, occurring in approximately 20% and 6% of patients respectively.

Tabulated list of adverse reactions

The following adverse reactions are classified according to the following convention: very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100), rare (≥1/10,000 to<1/1,000), very rare <1/10,000), or not known (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data). Within each frequency group, adverse reactions are presented in decreasing order of seriousness. The adverse reactions were obtained from clinical studies and post- marketing data with TRAVATAN.

System Organ Class

Frequency

Adverse Reactions

Immune system disorders

Uncommon

hypersensitivity, seasonal allergy

Psychiatric disorders

Not known

depression, anxiety, insomnia

Nervous system disorder

Uncommon

headache

Rare

dizziness, visual field defect, dysgeusia

Eye disorders

Very common

ocular hyperaemia

Common

iris hyperpigmentation, eye pain, ocular discomfort, dry eye, eye pruritus, eye irritation

Uncommon

corneal erosion, uveitis, iritis, anterior chamber inflammation, keratitis, punctate keratitis, photophobia, eye discharge , blepharitis, erythema of eyelid, periorbital oedema, eyelids pruritus, visual acuity reduced, vision blurred, lacrimation increased, conjunctivitis, ectropion, cataract, eyelid margin crusting, growth of eyelashes

Rare

iridocyclitis, ophthalmic herpes simplex, eye inflammation, photopsia, eczema eyelids, conjunctival oedema, halo vision, conjunctival follicles, hypoaesthesia eye, trichiasis, meibomianitis, anterior chamber pigmentation, mydriasis, asthenopia, eyelash hyperpigmentation, eyelash thickening

Not known

macular oedema, lid sulcus deepened

Ear and labyrinth disorders

Not known

vertigo, tinnitus

Cardiac disorders

Uncommon

palpitations

Rare

heart rate irregular, heart rate decreased

Not known

chest pain, bradycardia, tachycardia, arrhythmia

Vascular disorders

Rare

blood pressure diastolic decreased, blood pressure systolic increased, hypotension, hypertension

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

Uncommon

cough, nasal congestion, throat irritation

Rare

dyspnoea, asthma, respiratory disorder, oropharyngeal pain, dysphonia, rhinitis allergic, nasal dryness

Not known

asthma aggravated, epistaxis

Gastrointestinal disorders

Rare

peptic ulcer reactivated, gastrointestinal disorder, constipation, dry mouth

Not known

diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

Uncommon

skin hyperpigmentation (periocular), skin discolouration, hair texture abnormal, hypertrichosis

Rare

dermatitis allergic, dermatitis contact, erythema, rash, hair colour changes, madarosis

Not known

pruritus, hair growth abnormal

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

Rare

musculoskeletal pain, arthralgia

Renal and urinary disorders

Not known

dysuria, urinary incontinence

General disorders and administration site conditions

Rare

asthenia

Investigations

Not known

prostatic specific antigen increased

Paediatric Population

In a 3 month phase 3 study and a 7 days pharmacokinetic study, involving 102 paediatric patients exposed to TRAVATAN, the types and characteristics of adverse reactions reported were similar to what has been observed in adult patients. The short-term safety profiles in the different paediatric subsets were also similar (see section 5.1). The most frequent adverse reactions reported in the paediatric population were ocular hyperaemia (16.9%) and growth of eyelashes (6.5%). In a similar 3 month study in adult patients, these events occurred at an incidence of 11.4% and 0.0%, respectively.

Additional adverse drug reactions reported in paediatric patients in the 3 month paediatric study (n=77) compared to a similar trial in adults (n=185) included erythema of eyelid, keratitis, lacrimation increased, and photophobia all reported as single events with an incidence of 1.3% versus 0.0% seen in adults.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national reporting system:

United Kingdom

Yellow Card Scheme

Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store

4.9. Overdose

No cases of overdose have been reported. A topical overdose is not likely to occur or to be associated with toxicity. A topical overdose of TRAVATAN may be flushed from the eye(s) with lukewarm water. Treatment of a suspected oral ingestion is symptomatic and supportive.