Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
The electronic medicines compendium (emc) no longer publishes a Summary of Product Characteristics for this product, which usually means it is no longer marketed in the UK. The patient leaflet below is kept for reference, but the product may not be available.
If you were prescribed this medicine, other products containing Hydromorphone hydrochloride may still be available. Do not stop your treatment — ask your pharmacist or GP what to use instead.
for This medicine has been prescribed for you for the relief of severe pain. It contains hydromorphone, which belongs to a class of medicines called opioids, which are 'pain relievers'. The medicine has been prescribed for you and should not be given to anyone else. Opioids can cause addiction and you may get withdrawal symptoms if you stop taking it suddenly. Your doctor should have explained how long you will be taking it for and when it is appropriate to stop, how to do this safely.
e Palladone SR capsules Do not take Palladone SR capsules if you:
tablets/capsules should not be used for short-term pain after an operation owing to the increased risk of dependence and breathlessness. Warnings and precautions Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine if you:
The risk of becoming dependent or addicted varies from person to person. You may have a greater risk of becoming dependent or addicted on Palladone SR if: –
You or anyone in your family have ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines or illegal drugs ("addiction"). You are a smoker. You have ever had problems with your mood (depression, anxiety or a personality disorder) or have been treated by a psychiatrist for other mental illnesses.
If you notice any of the following signs whilst taking Palladone SR, it could be a sign that you have become dependent or addicted: –
You need to take the medicine for longer than advised by your doctor. You need to take more than the recommended dose. You might feel that you need to carry on taking your medicine, even when it doesn't help to relieve your pain. You are using the medicine for reasons other than prescribed, for instance, 'to stay calm' or 'help you sleep'. You have made repeated, unsuccessful attempts to quit or control the use of the medicine. When you stop taking the medicine you feel unwell, and you feel better once taking the medicine again ('withdrawal effects').
If you notice any of these signs, speak to your doctor to discuss the best treatment pathway for you, including when it is appropriate to stop and how to stop safely (see section 3, If you stop taking { Palladone SR}). Rarely, increasing the dose of this medicine can make you more sensitive to pain. If this happens, you need to speak to your doctor about your treatment. Addiction can cause withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking this medicine. Withdrawal symptoms can include restlessness, difficulty sleeping, irritability, agitation, anxiety, feeling your heartbeat (palpitations), increased blood pressure, feeling or being sick, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, shaking, shivering or sweating. Your doctor will discuss with you how to gradually reduce your dose before stopping the medicine. It is important that you do not stop taking the medicine suddenly as you will be more likely to experience withdrawal symptoms. Opioids should only be used by those they are prescribed for. Do not give your medicine to anyone else. Taking higher doses or more frequent doses of opioid may increase the risk of addiction. Overuse and misuse can lead to overdose and/or death. You may experience hormonal changes while taking these capsules. Your doctor may want to monitor these changes. Other medicines and Palladone SR capsules Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines. If you take these capsules with some other medicines, the effect of the capsules or the other medicine may be changed. These capsules must not be used together with a type of medicine known as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, or if you have taken this type of medicine in the last two weeks (see section 2 'Do not take…').
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking:
Driving and using machines These capsules may cause a number of side effects such as drowsiness, which could affect your ability to drive or use machinery (see section 4 for a full list of side effects). These are usually most noticeable when you first start taking the capsules, or when changing to a higher dose. If you are affected you should not drive or use machinery. This medicine can affect your ability to drive as it may make you sleepy or dizzy.
Palladone SR capsules Always take the capsules exactly as your doctor has told you. The label on your medicine will tell you how many capsules to take and how often. Adults and children over 12 years of age The usual starting dose is one 4 mg capsule every 12 hours. However, your doctor will prescribe the dose required to treat your pain. If you find that you are still in pain whilst taking these capsules, discuss this with your doctor. Children under 12 years of age Children under 12 years of age should not take the capsules. Do not exceed the dose recommended by your doctor. You should check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure. Your doctor should have discussed with you how long the course of Palladone SR capsules will last. They will arrange a plan for stopping treatment. This will outline how to gradually reduce the dose and stop taking the medicine. Swallow your capsules whole with a glass of water. If you prefer, you can open the capsules and sprinkle the contents on to cold soft food, such as yoghurt. You must only take the capsules by mouth. Do not crush or chew the capsule or the capsule contents. Palladone SR capsules are designed to work properly over 12 hours. If the capsule contents are crushed, dissolved or chewed, the entire 12-hour dose may be absorbed rapidly into your body.
The capsule contents should never be injected. This can be dangerous, causing serious problems such as an overdose, which may be fatal. You should take your capsules every 12 hours. For instance, if you take a capsule at 8 o'clock in the morning, you should take your next capsule at 8 o'clock in the evening. If you take more Palladone SR capsules than you should or if someone accidentally swallows your capsules Call your doctor or hospital straight away as you may need emergency treatment in hospital. People who have taken an overdose may feel very sleepy, sick, dizzy, result in a brain disorder (known as toxic leukoencephalopathy) or get pneumonia from inhaling vomit or foreign matter (symptoms may include breathlessness, cough and fever). They may also have breathing difficulties leading to unconsciousness, or even death. When seeking medical attention make sure that you take this leaflet and any remaining capsules with you to show the doctor. If you forget to take Palladone SR capsules If you remember within 4 hours of the time your capsule was due, take your capsule straight away. Take your next capsule at your normal time. If you are more than 4 hours late, please call your doctor or pharmacist for advice. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten capsule. If you stop taking Palladone SR capsules Do not suddenly stop taking this medicine. If you want to stop taking this medicine discuss this with your doctor first. They will tell you how to do this, usually by reducing the dose gradually so that any unpleasant withdrawal effects are kept to a minimum. Withdrawal symptoms such as restlessness, difficulty sleeping, irritability, agitation, anxiety, feeling your heartbeat (palpitations), increased blood pressure, feeling or being sick, diarrhoea, shaking, shivering or sweating may occur if you suddenly stop taking this medicine. If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist. 4. Possible side effects Like all medicines, these capsules can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. This medicine can cause allergic reactions. The incidence of serious allergic reactions is not known. Tell your doctor immediately if you get any sudden wheeziness, difficulties in breathing, swelling of the eyelids, face or lips, mouth or throat, or any rash or itching especially those covering your whole body. The most serious side effect is a condition where you breathe more slowly or weakly than expected (respiratory depression). Drug withdrawal When you stop taking Palladone SR capsules you may experience drug withdrawal symptoms, which include restlessness, difficulty sleeping, irritability, agitation, anxiety, feeling your heartbeat (palpitations), increased blood pressure, feeling or being sick, diarrhoea, shaking, shivering or sweating. How do I know if I am addicted?
If you notice any of the following signs whilst taking Palladone SR capsules it could be a sign that you have become addicted.
with unknown frequency (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data)
Palladone SR capsules Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children. Do not use any capsules after the expiry date which is stated on the blister and carton after "EXP". The expiry date refers to the last day of that month. Do not store your capsules above 25°C. Store in the original package. Do not take your capsules if they are broken or crushed as this can be dangerous and can cause serious problems such as overdose. Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help to protect the environment.
What Palladone SR capsules contain The active ingredient is hydromorphone hydrochloride. Each capsule contains 2 mg, 4 mg or 8 mg of hydromorphone hydrochloride. The other ingredients are:
• • • • •
Sodium laurilsulfate Shellac Propylene glycol Titanium dioxide (E171) Iron oxide (E172)
The capsules also contain the following colourants: 2 mg capsule – Quinoline yellow (E104) 4 mg capsule – Erythrosine (E127) and indigo carmine (E132) 8 mg capsule – Erythrosine (E127) What Palladone SR capsules look like and the contents of the pack The capsules have a hard gelatin shell containing spherical pellets. The capsules are marked HCR followed by the strength (e.g. 2, 4 etc.) and are coloured as follows: 2 mg – yellow/ white, 4 mg – pale blue/clear, 8 mg – pink/clear. In each box there are 56 capsules. Marketing Authorisation Holder and Manufacturer The capsules are made by Bard Pharmaceuticals Limited for the marketing authorisation holder Napp Pharmaceuticals Limited, both at Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0GW, UK. This leaflet is also available in large print, Braille or as an audio CD. To request a copy, please call the RNIB Medicine Information line (free of charge) on: 0800 198 5000 You will need to give details of the product name and reference number. These are as follows: Product name: Palladone SR prolonged-release capsules Reference number: 16950/0051 This leaflet was last revised in November 2025. ® Palladone, NAPP and the NAPP logo are registered trade marks. © 2011-2025 Napp Pharmaceuticals Limited.
Palladone SR capsules 8 mg comes as capsule containing 8mg. Always follow the dose your doctor or pharmacist has given you, and read the leaflet that comes with the medicine.
The active substance in Palladone SR capsules 8 mg is hydromorphone hydrochloride.
This leaflet reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for Palladone SR capsules 8 mg, as published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). The version printed inside your medicine’s packaging is the one that applies to you.
Whether a medicine is available over the counter or on prescription only depends on its licence. Check the leaflet, or ask your pharmacist — they can tell you straight away.
The text above reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for this medicine, restructured for easier reading.
For the relief of severe pain in cancer.
Palladone SR capsules are indicated in adults and children aged 12 years and above.
Posology
Prior to starting treatment with opioids, a discussion should be held with patients to put in place a strategy for ending treatment with hydromorphone in order to minimise the risk of addiction and drug withdrawal syndrome (see section 4.4).
Transferring patients between oral and parenteral hydromorphone
Switching patients from parental hydromorphone to oral hydromorphone should be guided by the sensitivity of the individual patient. The oral starting dose should not be overestimated (for oral bioavailability see section 5.2).
Adults and children aged 12 years and above
Palladone SR capsules should be used at 12 hourly intervals. The dosage is dependent upon the severity of the pain and the patient's previous history of analgesic requirements. 4 mg of hydromorphone has an efficacy approximately equivalent to 30 mg of morphine sulphate given orally. A patient presenting with severe pain should normally be started on a dosage of 4 mg Palladone SR capsules 12 hourly. Increasing severity of pain may require increased dosage of hydromorphone to achieve the desired relief.
Elderly and patients with renal impairment
The elderly and patients with renal impairment should be dose titrated with Palladone SR capsules in order to achieve adequate analgesia. It should be noted, however, that these patients may require a lower dosage to achieve adequate analgesia.
Patients with hepatic impairment
Contraindicated.
Paediatric population
Not recommended.
Method of administration
For oral use.
The capsules can be swallowed whole or opened and their contents sprinkled on to cold soft food.
Treatment goals and discontinuation:
Before initiating treatment with Palladone SR capsules, a treatment strategy including treatment duration and treatment goals, and a plan for end of the treatment, should be agreed together with the patient, in accordance with pain management guidelines. During treatment, there should be frequent contact between the physician and the patient to evaluate the need for continued treatment, consider discontinuation and to adjust dosages if needed. When a patient no longer requires therapy with hydromorphone, it may be advisable to taper the dose gradually to prevent symptoms of withdrawal. In absence of adequate pain control, the possibility of hyperalgesia, tolerance and progression of underlying disease should be considered (see section 4.4).
Duration of treatment:
Hydromorphone should not be used longer than necessary.
Hydromorphone is contra-indicated in patients with:
• Known hypersensitivity to hydromorphone or any of the excipients
• Severe respiratory depression with hypoxia and/or hypercapnia
• Severe chronic obstructive lung disease
• Severe bronchial asthma
• Paralytic ileus
• Acute abdomen
• Coma
• Hepatic impairment
• Concurrent administration of monoamine oxidase inhibitors or within 2 weeks of discontinuation
Hydromorphone should be administered with caution in the debilitated elderly and in patients with:
• Severely impaired respiratory function
• Sleep apnoea
• CNS depressants co-administration (see below and section 4.5)
• Head injury, intracranial lesions or increased intracranial pressure, reduced level of consciousness of uncertain origin
• Hypotension with hypovolaemia
• Pancreatitis
• Hypothyroidism
• Toxic psychosis
• Prostatic hypertrophy
• Adrenocortical insufficiency (e.g., Addison's disease)
• Severely impaired renal function
• Severely impaired hepatic function
• Alcoholism
• Delirium tremens
• Convulsive disorders
• Constipation
• Shock or reduced respiratory reserve.
Respiratory depression
The major risk of opioid excess is respiratory depression.
Opioids may cause sleep-related breathing disorders including central sleep apnoea (CSA) and sleep-related hypoxemia. Opioid use may increase the risk of CSA in a dose-dependent manner in some patients. Opioids may also cause worsening of pre-existing sleep apnoea (see section 4.8). In patients who present with CSA, consider decreasing the total opioid dosage.
Risk from concomitant use of sedative medicines such as benzodiazepines (and other CNS depressants):
Concomitant use of Palladone SR capsules and sedative medicines such as benzodiazepines or related drugs may result in sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death. Because of these risks, concomitant prescribing with these sedative medicines should be reserved for patients for whom alternative treatment options are not possible. If a decision is made to prescribe Palladone SR capsules concomitantly with sedative medicines, the lowest effective dose should be used, and the duration of treatment should be as short as possible. The patients should be followed closely for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation. In this respect, it is strongly recommended to inform patients and their caregivers to be aware of these symptoms (see section 4.5).
Sleep-related breathing disorders
Opioids can cause sleep-related breathing disorders including central sleep apnoea (CSA) and sleeprelated hypoxemia. Opioid use increases the risk of CSA in a dose-dependent manner (see section 4.8).
In patients who present with CSA, consider decreasing the total opioid dosage
Tolerance and Opioid Use Disorder (abuse and dependence)
Tolerance, physical and/or psychological dependence may develop upon repeated administration of opioids such as hydromorphone.
Repeated use of Palladone SR can lead to Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). A higher dose and longer duration of opioid treatment can increase the risk of developing OUD. Abuse or intentional misuse of Palladone SR may result in overdose and/or death. The risk of developing OUD is increased in patients with a personal or a family history (parents or siblings) of substance use disorders (including alcohol use disorder), in current tobacco users or in patients with a personal history of other mental health disorders (e.g. major depression, anxiety and personality disorders).
Before initiating treatment with Palladone SR and during the treatment, treatment goals and a discontinuation plan should be agreed with the patient (see section 4.2). Before and during treatment the patient should also be informed about the risks and signs of OUD. If these signs occur, patients should be advised to contact their physician.
Patients will require monitoring for signs of drug-seeking behaviour (e.g. too early requests for refills). This includes the review of concomitant opioids and psycho-active drugs (like benzodiazepines). For patients with signs and symptoms of OUD, consultation with an addiction specialist should be considered.
Palladone SR capsules are not recommended for pre-operative use or in the first 24 hours post-operatively. After this time they should be used with caution, following abdominal surgery.
Palladone SR capsules should not be used where there is the possibility of paralytic ileus occurring. Should paralytic ileus be suspected or occur during use, Palladone SR capsules should be discontinued.
Prolonged release opioids should not be used for acute post-operative pain owing to the increased risk of persistent post-operative opioid use (PPOU) and opioid-induced ventilatory impairment (OIVI).
Patients about to undergo cordotomy or other pain relieving surgical procedures should not receive Palladone SR capsules for 24 hours prior to surgery. If further treatment with Palladone SR capsules is indicated then the dosage should be adjusted to the new post-operative requirement.
Drug dependence, tolerance and potential for abuse
For all patients, prolonged use of this product may lead to drug dependence (addiction), even at therapeutic doses. The risks are increased in individuals with current or past history of substance misuse disorder (including alcohol misuse) or mental health disorder (e.g. major depression).
Additional support and monitoring may be necessary when prescribing for patients at risk of opioid misuse.
A comprehensive patient history should be taken to document concomitant medications, including over-the-counter medicines and medicines obtained on-line, and past and present medical and psychiatric conditions.
Patients may find that treatment is less effective with chronic use and express a need to increase the dose to obtain the same level of pain control as initially experienced. Patients may also supplement their treatment with additional pain relievers. These could be signs that the patient is developing tolerance. The risks of developing tolerance should be explained to the patient.
Overuse or misuse may result in overdose and/or death. It is important that patients only use medicines that are prescribed and do not give this medicine to anyone else.
Patients should be closely monitored for signs of misuse, abuse or addiction.
The clinical need for analgesic treatment should be reviewed regularly.
Drug withdrawal syndrome
Prior to starting treatment with any opioids, a discussion should be held with patients to put in place a withdrawal strategy for ending treatment with hydromorphone.
Drug withdrawal syndrome may occur upon abrupt cessation of therapy or dose reduction. When a patient no longer requires therapy, it is advisable to taper the dose gradually to minimise symptoms of withdrawal. Tapering from a high dose may take weeks to months.
The opioid drug withdrawal syndrome is characterised by some or all of the following: restlessness, lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, yawning, perspiration, chills, myalgia, mydriasis and palpitations. Other symptoms may also develop including irritability, agitation, anxiety, hyperkinesia, tremor, weakness, insomnia, anorexia, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, increased blood pressure, increased respiratory rate or heart rate.
If women take this drug during pregnancy there is a risk that their newborn infants will experience neonatal withdrawal syndrome.
Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia may be diagnosed if the patient on long-term opioid therapy presents with increased pain. This might be qualitatively and anatomically distinct from pain related to disease progression or to breakthrough pain resulting from development of opioid tolerance. Pain associated with hyperalgesia tends to be more diffuse than the pre-existing pain and less defined in quality. Symptoms of hyperalgesia may resolve with a reduction of opioid dose.
The prolonged release capsules may be opened and their contents sprinkled onto soft cold food.
The content (pellets) of the prolonged release capsules must be swallowed whole, and not broken, chewed or crushed. The administration of broken, chewed or crushed hydromorphone pellets leads to a rapid release and absorption of a potentially fatal dose of hydromorphone (see section 4.9).
Concomitant use of alcohol and Palladone SR capsules may increase the undesirable effects of Palladone SR capsules; concomitant use should be avoided.
Abuse of oral dosage forms by parenteral administration can be expected to result in serious adverse events, which may be fatal.
Opioids, such as hydromorphone, may influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal or –gonadal axes. Some changes that can be seen include an increase in serum prolactin, and decreases in plasma cortisol and testosterone. Clinical symptoms may be manifest from these hormonal changes.
Central nervous system (CNS):
The concomitant use of opioids with sedative medicines such as benzodiazepines or other drugs that depress the CNS increases the risk of sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death because of additive CNS depressant effects. The dose and duration of concomitant use should be limited (see section 4.4). Drugs which depress the CNS include, but are not limited to: other opioids, anxiolytics, hypnotics and sedatives (including benzodiazepines), anaesthetics (e.g. barbiturates), antiemetics, antidepressants, antipsychotics (e.g. phenothiazines), antihistamines and alcohol.
The concomitant use of opioids and gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) increases the risk of opioid overdose, respiratory depression and death.
Co-administration with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or within 2 weeks of discontinuation of their use is contraindicated (see section 4.3).
Alcohol may enhance the pharmacodynamic effects of Palladone SR capsules; concomitant use should be avoided.
Pregnancy
There are no well-controlled studies of hydromorphone in pregnant women.
Hydromorphone should not be used in pregnancy unless clearly necessary.
Palladone SR capsules are not recommended during pregnancy and labour due to impaired uterine contractility. Regular use in pregnancy may cause drug dependence in the foetus, leading to withdrawal symptoms in the neonate.
If opioid use is required for a prolonged period in pregnant women, advise the patient of the risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and ensure that appropriate treatment will be available.
Administration during labour may depress respiration in the neonate and an antidote for the child should be readily available.
Breast-feeding
Administration to nursing women is not recommended as hydromorphone is excreted into breast milk in low amounts and may cause respiratory depression in the infant.
Fertility
Non clinical toxicology studies in rats have not shown any effects on male or female fertility or sperm parameters.
Hydromorphone may cause drowsiness and patients should not drive or operate machinery if affected.
This medicine can impair cognitive function and can affect a patient's ability to drive safely. This class of medicine is in the list of drugs included in regulations under 5a of the Road Traffic Act 1988. When prescribing this medicine, patients should be told:
▪ The medicine is likely to affect your ability to drive.
▪ Do not drive until you know how the medicine affects you.
▪ It is an offence to drive while you have this medicine in your body over a specified limit unless you have a defence (called the 'statutory defence').
▪ This defence applies when:
▪ The medicine has been prescribed to treat a medical or dental problem; and
▪ You have taken it according to the instructions given by the prescriber and in the information provided with the medicine.
▪ Please note that it is still an offence to drive if you are unfit because of the medicine (i.e. your ability to drive is being affected).”
Details regarding a new driving offence concerning driving after drugs have been taken in the UK may be found here: https://www.gov.uk/drug-driving-law
Hydromorphone may cause constipation, nausea and vomiting. Constipation may be treated with appropriate laxatives. When nausea and vomiting are troublesome Palladone SR capsules can be readily combined with antiemetics.
The following frequency categories form the basis for classification of the undesirable effects:
Term
Frequency
Very common
≥ 1/10
Common
≥ 1/100 to < 1/10
Uncommon
≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100
Rare
≥ 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000
Very rare
< 1/10,000
Not known
Cannot be estimated from the available data
Very common
Common
Uncommon
Rare
Very rare
Not known
Immune system disorders
Hypersensitivity (including oropharyngeal swelling);
Anaphylactic reactions
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Decreased appetite
Psychiatric disorders
Confusional state;
Anxiety;
Insomnia
Agitation;
Depression;
Euphoric mood;
Hallucinations;
Nightmares
Drug dependence (see section 4.4);
Dysphoria
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness;
Somnolence
Headache
Myoclonus;
Tremor;
Paraesthesia
Sedation;
Lethargy
Convulsions;
Dyskinesia;
Hyperalgesia (see section 4.4; Central sleep apnoea syndrome
Eye disorders
Visual impairment
Miosis
Cardiac disorders
Tachycardia
Vascular disorders
Hypotension
Flushing
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Dyspnoea
Respiratory depression
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation;
Nausea
Abdominal pain;
Dry mouth;
Vomiting
Diarrhoea;
Dysgeusia
Paralytic ileus
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hepatic enzymes increased
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Pruritus
Hyperhidrosis
Rash
Urticaria
Renal and urinary disorders
Urinary retention
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Erectile dysfunction
General disorders and administration site conditions
Asthenia
Drug withdrawal syndrome;
Fatigue;
Malaise;
Peripheral oedema
Drug tolerance;
Drug withdrawal syndrome neonatal
Description of selected adverse reactions
Drug dependence
Repeated use of Palladone SR capsules can lead to drug dependence, even at therapeutic doses. The risk of drug dependence may vary depending on a patient's individual risk factors, dosage, and duration of opioid treatment (see section 4.4).
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
Signs of hydromorphone toxicity and overdosage are pin-point pupils, respiratory depression and hypotension. Circulatory failure and somnolence progressing to stupor or deepening coma, pneumonia aspiration, skeletal muscle flaccidity, bradycardia and death may occur in more severe cases. Rhabdomyolysis progressing to renal failure has been reported in opioid overdosage.
Toxic leukoencephalopathy has been observed with hydromorphone overdose.
Patients should be informed of the signs and symptoms of overdose and to ensure that family and friends are also aware of these signs and to seek immediate medical help if they occur.
Treatment of overdosage:
Primary attention should be given to the establishment of a patent airway and institution of assisted or controlled ventilation.
In the case of massive overdosage, administer naloxone intravenously (0.4 to 2 mg for an adult and 0.01 mg/kg body weight for children), if the patient is in a coma or respiratory depression is present. Repeat the dose at 2 minute intervals if there is no response. If repeated doses are required then an infusion of 60% of the initial dose per hour is a useful starting point. A solution of 10 mg made up in 50 ml dextrose will produce 200 micrograms/ml for infusion using an IV pump (dose adjusted to the clinical response). Infusions are not a substitute for frequent review of the patient's clinical state.
Intramuscular naloxone is an alternative in the event IV access is not possible. As the duration of action of naloxone is relatively short, the patient must be carefully monitored until spontaneous respiration is reliably re-established. Naloxone is a competitive antagonist and large doses (4 mg) may be required in seriously poisoned patients. For less severe overdosage, administer naloxone 0.2 mg intravenously followed by increments of 0.1 mg every 2 minutes if required.
Naloxone should not be administered in the absence of clinically significant respiratory or circulatory depression secondary to hydromorphone overdosage. Naloxone should be administered cautiously to persons who are known, or suspected, to be physically dependent on hydromorphone. In such cases, an abrupt or complete reversal of opioid effects may precipitate an acute withdrawal syndrome.
Other supportive measures as indicated by the patient's progress and clinical condition should be considered.
Additional/other considerations:
Consider activated charcoal (50 g for adults, 1g/kg for children), if a substantial amount has been ingested within 1 hour, provided the airway can be protected. It may be reasonable to assume that late administration of activated charcoal may be beneficial for prolonged release preparations; however there is no evidence to support this.
Palladone SR capsules will continue to release and add to the hydromorphone load for up to 12 hours after administration and management of hydromorphone overdosage should be monitored accordingly. Gastric contents may need to be emptied as this can be useful in removing unabsorbed drug, particularly when a prolonged release formulation has been taken.
Ask anything about Palladone SR capsules 8 mg. The assistant answers only from this leaflet — if the leaflet does not cover it, it will say so. It does not give medical advice.
Answers come from the patient leaflet published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). They are not medical advice. Ask a pharmacist or your GP if you are unsure. For urgent help call NHS 111, or 999 in an emergency.
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