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Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion

⚠ This medicine appears to have been discontinued

The electronic medicines compendium (emc) no longer publishes a Summary of Product Characteristics for this product, which usually means it is no longer marketed in the UK. The patient leaflet below is kept for reference, but the product may not be available.

If you were prescribed this medicine, other products containing Cangrelor may still be available. Do not stop your treatment — ask your pharmacist or GP what to use instead.

Active substance: Cangrelor
Source: electronic medicines compendium (emc)
Official leaflet: Read the PIL on emc

What it is and what it is used for

for nose, gastrointestinal tract, in the abdomen, or bleeding including blood thinners (anticoagulants

What you need to know before you take it

e in the urine or from injection or catheter sites, e.g., warfarin). Kengrexal

  • increased levels of creatinine in the blood (identified by blood tests), indicating reduced 3. How to use Kengrexal Tell your doctor if you are taking, have recently kidney function, taken or might take any other medicines.

How to take it

KENGREXAL Reporting of side effects help to keep it open. Using Kengrexal reduces the Your treatment with Kengrexal will be supervised If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor. This risk that this procedure will cause a clot to form and by a doctor experienced in caring for patients includes any possible side effects not listed in this block the blood vessels again. with heart disease. The doctor will decide how leaflet. much Kengrexal you receive, and will prepare the Kengrexal is only for use in adults. medicine. You can also report side effects directly via the national reporting system listed. By reporting side 2. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE YOU Kengrexal is for injection, followed by infusion effects you can help provide more information on USE KENGREXAL (drip), into a vein. The dose given depends on your the safety of this medicine. weight. The recommended dose is: Do not use Kengrexal

  • If you are allergic to cangrelor or any of the other • 30 micrograms per kilogram body weight by United Kingdom injection, followed immediately by ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6). Yellow Card Scheme
  • If you have a medical condition that is currently • 4 micrograms per kilogram body weight per Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search minute by infusion (drip), for at least 2 hours. The causing bleeding such as bleeding from the for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple doctor will decide if you will need to be treated stomach or intestines or you have a condition App Store. for longer periods. which makes you more prone to uncontrolled bleeding (impaired haemostasis or irreversible Ireland coagulation disorders). If you use more Kengrexal than you should HPRA Pharmacovigilance
  • If you have recently undergone major surgery This medicine will be given to you by a healthcare Website: www.hpra.ie or suffered from any form of serious physical professional. Your doctor will decide how to trauma such as a bone fracture or road traffic treat you, including stopping the medicine and

Possible side effects

  • variations in blood pressure, 5. How to store Kengrexal
  • rash, pruritus, urticaria, Pregnancy and breast-feeding
  • vessel puncture site haematoma. 6. Contents of the pack and other information If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor for 1. WHAT KENGREXAL IS AND WHAT IT IS advice before taking this medicine. Kengrexal is not Rare side effects: may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people
  • Bleeding leading to low platelet count or recommended for use during pregnancy. USED FOR anaemia, Kengrexal is an anti-platelet medicine that contains • bleeding in the eye, brain (including stroke), the active substance cangrelor. Driving and using machines pelvis and lung, The effect of Kengrexal wears off quickly and it
  • bleeding from the site of wounds, Platelets are very small cells in the blood that is unlikely to affect your ability to drive or to use
  • balloon-like swelling in an artery or wall of the can clump together and help the blood to clot. machines. heart, which involves only a few layers of the Sometimes clots can form within a damaged blood vessel walls, vessel such as in an artery in the heart and this can Kengrexal contains sodium and sorbitol • severe allergic reactions, be very dangerous as the clot can cut off the blood Sorbitol is a source of fructose. If you have supply (a thrombotic event), causing a heart attack hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI), a rare genetic • reduced clotting of the blood,
  • bruising, (myocardial infarction). disorder, you must not receive this medicine.
  • swollen face. Patients with HFI cannot break down fructose, Kengrexal diminishes the clumping of platelets and which may cause serious side effects. Very rare side effects: may affect up to 1 in 10,000 so reduces the chance of a blood clot forming. You must tell your doctor before receiving this people medicine if you have HFI.
  • Bleeding under the skin or around the eye, You have been prescribed Kengrexal because you
  • infection of bleeding sites, have blocked blood vessels in your heart (coronary This medicine contains less than 1 mmol sodium
  • heavy menstrual bleeding, artery disease) and you need a procedure (called (23 mg) per vial, that is to say essentially 'sodium• bleeding from the penis, ear or pre-existing skin a percutaneous coronary intervention – PCI) to free'. tumours. remove the blockage. During this procedure you may have a stent inserted in your blood vessel to

How to store it

KENGREXAL accident. monitoring for signs of side effects. Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of

  • If you have uncontrolled very high blood pressure. If you have any further questions on the use of this children. Do not use this medicine after the expiry date
  • If you have ever had a stroke, or a 'mini-stroke' medicine, ask your doctor.

FOGLIO ILLUSTRATIVO: INFORMAZIONI PER IL PAZIENTE

Kengrexal 50 mg polvere per concentrato per soluzione iniettabile/per infusione cangrelor

Legga attentamente questo foglio prima di usare questo medicinale perché contiene importanti informazioni per lei.

  • Conservi questo foglio. Potrebbe aver bisogno di leggerlo di nuovo.
  • Se ha qualsiasi dubbio, si rivolga al medico.
  • Se si manifesta un qualsiasi effetto indesiderato, compresi quelli non elencati in questo foglio, si rivolga al medico. Vedere paragrafo 4. Contenuto di questo foglio: 1. Che cos'è Kengrexal e a cosa serve 2. Cosa deve sapere prima di usare Kengrexal 3. Come usare Kengrexal 4. Possibili effetti indesiderati 5. Come conservare Kengrexal 6. Contenuto della confezione e altre informazioni

1. CHE COS'È KENGREXAL E A COSA SERVE Kengrexal è un medicinale antipiastrinico che contiene il principio attivo cangrelor.

Le piastrine sono cellule molto piccole nel sangue che possono aggregarsi tra di loro e aiutare il sangue a coagulare. A volte possono formarsi dei coaguli all'interno di un vaso sanguigno danneggiato, come in un'arteria del cuore, e ciò può essere molto pericoloso perché il coagulo può interrompere l'apporto di sangue (un evento trombotico), provocando un attacco cardiaco (infarto miocardico).

• • • •

sangue o a causa di un'altra patologia che può aumentare il rischio di sanguinamento, come un trauma grave recente, qualsiasi intervento chirurgico recente, una storia di ictus o di attacco ischemico transitorio o recente sanguinamento dallo stomaco o dall'intestino. se la sua funzione renale è compromessa o lei ha bisogno di dialisi. se ha mai avuto una reazione allergica a Kengrexal o a uno qualsiasi dei suoi componenti. se è affetto da difficoltà respiratorie tipo asma. se il medico le ha detto che ha un'intolleranza ad alcuni zuccheri.

Bambini e adolescenti Kengrexal non è raccomandato per i bambini e gli adolescenti di età inferiore ai 18 anni. Altri medicinali e Kengrexal Può ricevere acido acetilsalicilico (ASA) mentre riceve il trattamento con Kengrexal o con un altro tipo di medicinale antipiastrinico (ad es. clopidogrel) prima e dopo il trattamento con Kengrexal. Informi il medico se sta assumendo altri medicinali che possono aumentare il rischio di effetti indesiderati come sanguinamento, compresi i fluidificanti del sangue (anticoagulanti, ad es. warfarin). Informi il medico se sta assumendo, ha recentemente assunto o potrebbe assumere qualsiasi altro medicinale. Gravidanza e allattamento Se è in corso una gravidanza, se sospetta o sta pianificando una gravidanza, chieda consiglio al medico prima di prendere questo medicinale. Kengrexal non è raccomandato per l'uso durante la gravidanza.

Guida di veicoli e utilizzo di macchinari Kengrexal diminuisce l'aggregazione delle piastrine L'effetto di Kengrexal scompare rapidamente ed e riduce in tal modo la possibilità di formazione dei è improbabile che influisca sulla sua capacità di guidare o utilizzare macchinari. coaguli sanguigni. Le è stato prescritto Kengrexal perché lei ha vasi sanguigni ostruiti nel cuore (malattia coronarica) e ha bisogno di una procedura (chiamata intervento coronarico percutaneo – PCI) per eliminare l'ostruzione. Durante questa procedura potrà essere inserito uno stent nel suo vaso sanguigno per aiutare a mantenerlo aperto. L'utilizzo di Kengrexal riduce il rischio di formazione di un coagulo e di una nuova ostruzione dei vasi sanguigni causati da questa procedura.

Kengrexal contiene sodioe sorbitolo Sorbitolo è una fonte di fruttosio. Se le è stata diagnosticata l'intolleranza ereditaria al fruttosio, una rara malattia genetica, non deve prendere questo medicinale. I pazienti con intolleranza ereditaria al fruttosio non riescono a trasformare il fruttosio, che può causare gravi effetti collaterali. Prima di prendere questo medicinale, informi il medico se soffre di intolleranza ereditaria al fruttosio.

Kengrexal è solo per l'uso negli adulti.

Questo medicinale contiene meno di 1 mmol (23 mg) di sodio per flaconcino, cioè essenzialmente 'senza sodio'.

2. COSA DEVE SAPERE PRIMA DI USARE KENGREXAL

Non usi Kengrexal

  • se è allergico a cangrelor o ad uno qualsiasi degli altri componenti di questo medicinale (elencati al paragrafo 6).
  • se ha una patologia che causa attualmente il sanguinamento, come sanguinamento dallo stomaco o dall'intestino, o ha una condizione che accresce la sua probabilità di sanguinamento non controllato (compromissione dell'emostasi o disturbi irreversibili della coagulazione).
  • se è stato sottoposto recentemente ad un intervento chirurgico importante o ha subito una qualsiasi forma di trauma fisico grave, come una frattura ossea o un incidente stradale.
  • se ha la pressione sanguigna molto alta non controllata.
  • se ha mai avuto un ictus o un 'mini-ictus' (noto anche come attacco ischemico transitorio, TIA) causato dalla temporanea interruzione dell'apporto di sangue al cervello. Avvertenze e precauzioni Si rivolga al medico prima di usare Kengrexal:
  • se ha o pensa di poter avere un aumentato rischio di sanguinamento. Per esempio, se ha una patologia che colpisce la coagulazione del

3. COME USARE KENGREXAL

La sua terapia con Kengrexal sarà supervisionata da un medico esperto nel trattamento dei pazienti con malattie cardiache. Il medico deciderà quanto Kengrexal lei dovrà ricevere e preparerà il medicinale. Kengrexal è somministrato mediante iniezione, seguita da un'infusione (fleboclisi) in una vena. La dose somministrata dipende dal suo peso. La dose raccomandata è:

  • 30 microgrammi per chilogrammo di peso corporeo mediante iniezione, seguiti immediatamente da
  • 4 microgrammi per chilogrammo di peso corporeo per minuto mediante infusione (fleboclisi) per almeno 2 ore. Il medico deciderà se lei dovrà essere trattato per periodi più lunghi. Se usa più Kengrexal di quanto deve Questo medicinale le sarà somministrato da un operatore sanitario. Il medico deciderà come trattarla, compresa l'interruzione del medicinale e il monitoraggio per i segni degli effetti indesiderati.

Se ha qualsiasi dubbio sull'uso di questo medicinale, si rivolga al medico.

4. POSSIBILI EFFETTI INDESIDERATI

Come tutti i medicinali, questo medicinale può causare effetti indesiderati sebbene non tutte le persone li manifestino. Se si verificano, gli effetti indesiderati possono richiedere l'attenzione del medico. Dica al medico immediatamente se nota uno qualsiasi dei seguenti:

  • Sanguinamento da qualsiasi parte del corpo. Il sanguinamento è un effetto indesiderato comune del trattamento con Kengrexal (può interessare fino a 1 persona su 10). Il sanguinamento può essere grave e sono stati segnalati esiti fatali.
  • Reazione allergica (eruzione cutanea, prurito, costrizione/gonfiore della gola, gonfiore della lingua o delle labbra, difficoltà di respirazione). La reazione allergica è un effetto indesiderato raro del trattamento con Kengrexal (può interessare fino a 1 persona su 1.000) ma può essere potenzialmente grave. Effetti indesiderati comuni: possono interessare fino a 1 persona su 10
  • Lividi minori possono verificarsi in qualsiasi parte del corpo (compresi piccoli lividi rossi sulla cute o nella sede di un'iniezione sottocutanea che provocano gonfiore),
  • dispnea (mancanza di respiro),
  • sanguinamento con conseguente riduzione del volume del sangue o del numero dei globuli rossi nel sangue,
  • perdita di fluido dalle sedi dell'iniezione o del catetere. Effetti indesiderati non comuni: possono interessare fino a 1 persona su 100
  • Sanguinamento con conseguente raccolta di fluido attorno al cuore, sangue nella cavità toracica o sanguinamento dal naso, nell'apparato gastrointestinale, nell'addome, nelle urine o dalle sedi dell'iniezione o del catetere,
  • aumento dei livelli di creatinina nel sangue (rilevato mediante esami del sangue), che indica una riduzione della funzione renale,
  • variazioni della pressione sanguigna,
  • eruzione cutanea, prurito, orticaria,
  • ematoma in sede di puntura vasale. Effetti indesiderati rari: possono interessare fino a 1 persona su 1.000
  • Sanguinamento con conseguente bassa conta piastrinica o anemia,
  • sanguinamento negli occhi, nel cervello (compreso ictus), nella pelvi e nei polmoni,
  • sanguinamento dalla sede di ferite,
  • rigonfiamento a palloncino in un'arteria o nella parete del cuore, che coinvolge solo pochi strati delle pareti dei vasi sanguigni,
  • gravi reazioni allergiche,
  • riduzione della coagulazione del sangue,
  • formazione di lividi,
  • viso gonfio. Effetti indesiderati molto rari: possono interessare fino a 1 persona su 10.000
  • Sanguinamento sotto la pelle o attorno agli occhi,
  • infezione delle sedi sanguinanti,
  • sanguinamento mestruale abbondante,
  • sanguinamento dal pene, dall'orecchio o da tumori cutanei preesistenti. Segnalazione degli effetti indesiderati Se manifesta un qualsiasi effetto indesiderato, compresi quelli non elencati in questo foglio, si rivolga al medico. Lei può inoltre segnalare gli effetti indesiderati direttamente tramite https:// www.aifa.gov.it/content/segnalazioni-reazioniavverse. Segnalando gli effetti indesiderati lei può contribuire a fornire maggiori informazioni sulla sicurezza di questo medicinale.

which is stated on the label and carton after 'EXP'. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month. This medicine does not require any special storage conditions. Reconstituted solution: the powder should be reconstituted immediately prior to dilution and use. Do not refrigerate. Diluted solution: From a microbiological point of view, unless the method of reconstitution/ dilution precludes the risk of microbiological contamination, the product should be used immediately. If not used immediately, in-use storage times and conditions prior to use are the responsibility of the user.

Contents of the pack and other information

What Kengrexal contains The active substance is cangrelor. Each vial contains 50 mg cangrelor. After reconstitution 1 mL of concentrate contains 10 mg cangrelor and after dilution 1 mL of solution contains 200 micrograms cangrelor. The other ingredients are mannitol, sorbitol and sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. What Kengrexal looks like and contents of the pack Powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion in a glass vial.

The following information is intended for healthcare professionals only: Kengrexal should be administered by a physician experienced in either acute coronary care or in coronary intervention procedures and is intended for specialised use in an acute and hospital setting. Posology The recommended dose of Kengrexal for patients undergoing PCI is a 30 micrograms/kg intravenous bolus followed immediately by 4 micrograms/kg/ min intravenous infusion. The bolus and infusion should be initiated prior to the procedure and continued for at least two hours or for the duration of the procedure, whichever is longer. At the discretion of the physician, the infusion may be continued for a total duration of four hours. See section 5.1. Patients should be transitioned to oral P2Y12 therapy for chronic treatment. For transition, a loading dose of oral P2Y12 therapy (clopidogrel, ticagrelor or prasugrel) should be administered immediately following discontinuation of cangrelor infusion. Alternatively, a loading dose of prasugrel, but not clopidogrel, may be administered up to 30 minutes before the end of the infusion. A standard loading dose of ticagrelor can be given any time during cangrelor infusion, see section 4.5. Instructions for preparation Aseptic procedures should be used for the preparation of Kengrexal.

The vial should be reconsituted immediately prior Kengrexal is a white to off-white freeze-dried powder. to dilution and use. Reconstitute each 50 mg/vial, by adding 5 mL of sterile water for injection. Swirl gently until all material is dissolved. Avoid vigorous Kengrexal is available in packs of 10 vials. mixing. Allow any foam to settle. Ensure that the contents of the vial are fully dissolved and the Marketing Authorisation Holder reconstituted material is a clear, colourless to pale Ireland : yellow solution. Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Via Palermo 26/A Do not use without dilution. Before administration, 43122 Parma 5 mL reconstituted solution has to be withdrawn Italy from each vial and must be diluted further with 250 mL sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) solution for United Kingdom: injection or glucose (5%) solution for injection. Mix Chiesi Limited the bag thoroughly. 333 Styal Road Manchester The medicinal product should be inspected visually M22 5LG for particulate matter after reconstitution. Manufacturer Kengrexal is administered as a weight-based Diapharm GmbH & Co. KG regimen consisting of an initial intravenous bolus Am Mittelhafen 56 followed by an intravenous infusion. The bolus and 48155 Münster infusion should be administered from the infusion Germany solution. Amryt Pharmaceuticals Designated Activity This dilution will generate a concentration of 200 Company micrograms/mL and should be sufficient for at least 45 Mespil Road, two hours of dosing as required. Patients 100 kg Dublin 4, D04 W2F1, and over will require a minimum of two bags. Ireland Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. via San Leonardo, 96 43122 Parma, Italy For any information about this medicine, please contact the local representative of the Marketing Authorisation Holder. Ireland Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Tel: + 39 0521 2791 United Kingdom Chiesi Ltd Tel: + 44 (0)161 488 5555 This leaflet was last revised in March 2026. Other sources of information Detailed information on this medicine is available on the European Medicines Agency web site: http://www.ema.europa.eu ……………………………………………

5. COME CONSERVARE KENGREXAL

Tenere questo medicinale fuori dalla vista e dalla portata dei bambini. Non usi questo medicinale dopo la data di scadenza che è riportata sull'etichetta e sulla scatola dopo 'Scad.'. La data di scadenza si riferisce all'ultimo giorno di quel mese. Questo medicinale non richiede qualsiasi condizione speciale di conservazione.

sottoposti a PCI è un bolo endovenoso di 30 microgrammi/kg seguito immediatamente da un'infusione endovenosa di 4 microgrammi/kg/ minuto. Il bolo e l'infusione devono essere iniziati prima della procedura e continuati per almeno due ore o per la durata della procedura, a seconda di quale tempo risulti più lungo. A discrezione del medico, l'infusione può essere continuata per una durata totale di quattro ore (vedere paragrafo 5.1).

Per il trattamento cronico, i pazienti devono essere fatti passare alla terapia con gli inibitori del recettore P2Y12 per via orale. Per la transizione, Soluzione ricostituita: la polvere deve essere ricostituita immediatamente prima della diluizione una dose di carico della terapia con gli inibitori del recettore P2Y12 per via orale (clopidogrel, e dell'uso. Non refrigerare. ticagrelor o prasugrel) deve essere somministrata Soluzione diluita: Dal punto di vista microbiologico, subito dopo l'interruzione dell'infusione di cangrelor. In alternativa, può essere somministrata a meno che il metodo di ricostituzione / una dose di carico di ticagrelor o prasugrel, ma non diluizione precluda il rischio di contaminazione di clopidogrel, fino a 30 minuti prima della fine microbiologica, il medicinale deve essere dell'infusione (vedere paragrafo 4.5). usato immediatamente. Se non viene usato immediatamente, i tempi di conservazione durante Istruzioni per la preparazione l'uso e le condizioni prima dell'uso sono sotto la Le procedure asettiche devono essere utilizzate per responsabilità dell'utilizzatore. la preparazione di Kengrexal.

6. CONTENUTO DELLA CONFEZIONE E ALTRE INFORMAZIONI

Cosa contiene Kengrexal Il principio attivo è cangrelor. Ogni flaconcino contiene 50 mg di cangrelor. Dopo la ricostituzione 1 mL di concentrato contiene 10 mg di cangrelor e dopo la diluzione 1 mL di soluzione contiene 200 microgrammi di cangrelor. Gli altri componenti sono mannitolo, sorbitolo e sodio idrossido per l'aggiustamento del pH. Descrizione dell'aspetto di Kengrexal e contenuto della confezione Polvere per concentrato per soluzione iniettabile/ per infusione in un flaconcino di vetro. Kengrexal è una polvere liofilizzata da bianca a biancastra. Kengrexal è disponibile in confezioni da dieci flaconcini. Titolare dell'autorizzazione all'immissione in commercio Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Via Palermo, 26/A 43122 Parma Italia Produttore Amryt Pharmaceuticals Designated Activity Company 45 Mespil Road, Dublin 4, D04 W2F1, Ireland Per ulteriori informazioni su questo medicinale, contatti il rappresentante locale del titolare dell'autorizzazione all'immissione in commercio:

Il flaconcino deve essere ricostituito immediatamente prima della diluizione e dell'uso. Ricostituire ciascun flaconcino da 50 mg aggiungendo 5 mL di acqua sterile per preparazioni iniettabili. Agitare delicatamente con movimento circolare fino a quando tutto il materiale è disciolto. Evitare la miscelazione vigorosa. Lasciare depositare l'eventuale schiuma formatasi. Accertarsi che il contenuto del flaconcino sia completamente disciolto e che il materiale ricostituito sia una soluzione limpida, da incolore a color giallo pallido. Non usare senza la diluizione. Prima della somministrazione, prelevare da ogni flaconcino 5 ml di soluzione ricostituita e diluirli ulteriormente con 250 mL di soluzione iniettabile di cloruro di sodio 9 mg/mL (0,9%) o di soluzione iniettabile di glucosio (5%). Miscelare accuratamente la sacca. Il medicinale deve essere ispezionato visivamente per l'eventuale presenza di sostanze particellari dopo la ricostituzione. Kengrexal viene somministrato secondo un regime basato sul peso composto da un bolo endovenoso iniziale seguito da un'infusione endovenosa. Il bolo e l'infusione devono essere somministrati dalla soluzione per l'infusione. Questa diluizione genera una concentrazione di 200 microgrammi/mL e deve essere sufficiente per almeno due ore di somministrazione come richiesto. Per i pazienti di peso a partire dai 100 kg sono necessarie almeno due sacche.

Italia Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Tel: + 39 0521 2791 Questo foglio illustrativo è stato aggiornato il 11/2024 Altre fonti d'informazioni Informazioni più dettagliate su questo medicinale sono disponibili sul sito web dell'Agenzia europea dei medicinali: http://www.ema.europa.eu. ………………………………………….. Le informazioni seguenti sono destinate esclusivamente agli operatori sanitari: Kengrexal deve essere somministrato da un medico esperto nella terapia coronarica acuta o nelle procedure coronariche ed è inteso per l'uso specialistico in ospedaliere situazioni acute in ambito ospedaliero. Posologia La dose raccomandata di Kengrexal per i pazienti Chiesi Item

Frequently asked questions about Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion

How do I take Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion?

Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion comes as injection containing 50mg. Always follow the dose your doctor or pharmacist has given you, and read the leaflet that comes with the medicine.

What is the active substance in Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion?

The active substance in Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion is cangrelor.

Where does this information come from?

This leaflet reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion, as published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). The version printed inside your medicine’s packaging is the one that applies to you.

Can I get Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion without a prescription?

Whether a medicine is available over the counter or on prescription only depends on its licence. Check the leaflet, or ask your pharmacist — they can tell you straight away.

About this leaflet

The text above reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for this medicine, restructured for easier reading.

Medical disclaimer: This page is for information only and does not replace advice from your doctor or pharmacist. Always read the leaflet supplied with your medicine. If you are unwell, call NHS 111; in an emergency, call 999.

Medicines with the same active substance: Cangrelor (1 medicine)
See every medicine containing this substance, or browse the full A–Z of active substances.
⚕For healthcare professionals — Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)Full SmPC: dosage, interactions, contraindications, warnings+
Technical information intended for healthcare professionals (doctors and pharmacists). The Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) is the official document approved by the MHRA/EMA. It does not replace the patient leaflet or a doctor’s advice.

4.1. Therapeutic indications

Kengrexal, co-administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events in adult patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who have not received an oral P2Y12 inhibitor prior to the PCI procedure and in whom oral therapy with P2Y12 inhibitors is not feasible or desirable.

4.2. Posology and method of administration

Kengrexal should be administered by a physician experienced in either acute coronary care or in coronary intervention procedures and is intended for specialised use in an acute and hospital setting.

Posology

The recommended dose of Kengrexal for patients undergoing PCI is a 30 micrograms/kg intravenous bolus followed immediately by 4 micrograms/kg/min intravenous infusion. The bolus and infusion should be initiated prior to the procedure and continued for at least two hours or for the duration of the procedure, whichever is longer. At the discretion of the physician, the infusion may be continued for a total duration of four hours, see section 5.1.

Patients should be transitioned to oral P2Y12 therapy for chronic treatment. For transition, a loading dose of oral P2Y12 therapy (clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor) should be administered. as described below, see also section 4.5:

• Clopidogrel: immediately following discontinuation of cangrelor infusion.

• Prasugrel: immediately following discontinuation of cangrelor infusion. Alternatively, a loading dose of prasugrel may be administered up to 30 minutes before the end of the infusion.

• Ticagrelor: at any time during cangrelor infusion or immediately after discontinuation.

Use with other anticoagulant agents

In patients undergoing PCI, standard procedural adjunctive therapy should be implemented (see section 5.1).

Elderly

No dose adjustment is needed in elderly (≥75 years) patients.

Renal impairment

No dose adjustment is needed in patients with mild, moderate or severe renal insufficiency (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).

Hepatic impairment

No dose adjustment is needed (see section 5.2).

Paediatric population

The safety and efficacy of cangrelor in children aged less than 18 years has not yet been established. Currently available data are described in section 5.1 and 5.2 but no recommendation on a posology can be made.

Method of administration

Kengrexal is intended for intravenous use, only after reconstitution and dilution.

Kengrexal should be administered via an intravenous line. The bolus volume should be administered rapidly (<1 minute), from the diluted bag via manual intravenous push or pump. Ensure the bolus is completely administered before the start of PCI. Start the infusion immediately after administration of the bolus.

For instructions on reconstitution and dilution of the medicinal product before administration see section 6.6.

4.3. Contraindications

• Active bleeding or increased risk of bleeding, because of impaired haemostasis and/or irreversible coagulation disorders or due to recent major surgery/trauma or uncontrolled severe hypertension.

• Any history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

• Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.

4.4. Special warnings and precautions for use

Risk of bleeding

Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of bleeding.

In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, GUSTO (Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Arteries), moderate and mild bleeding events were more common in patients treated with cangrelor than in patients treated with clopidogrel, see section 4.8.

Although most bleeding associated with the use of cangrelor occurs at the site of arterial puncture, haemorrhage can occur at any site. Any unexplained fall in blood pressure or haematocrit should lead to the serious consideration of a haemorrhagic event and the cessation of cangrelor administration. Cangrelor should be used with caution in patients with disease states associated with an increased bleeding risk. Cangrelor should be used with caution in patients taking medicines that may increase the risk of bleeding.

Cangrelor has a half-life of three to six minutes. Platelet function is restored within 60 minutes of stopping infusion.

Intracranial haemorrhage

Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, there were more intracranial bleeds at 30 days with cangrelor (0.07%) than with clopidogrel (0.02%), of which 4 bleeds with cangrelor and 1 bleed with clopidogrel were fatal. Cangrelor is contraindicated in patients with any history of stroke/TIA, (see sections 4.3 and 4.8).

Cardiac tamponade

Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of cardiac tamponade. In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, there were more cardiac tamponades at 30 days with cangrelor (0.12%) than with clopidogrel (0.02%), (see section 4.8).

Effects on renal function

In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, events of acute renal failure (0.1%), renal failure (0.1%) and increased serum creatinine (0.2%) were reported to occur after administration of cangrelor in clinical trials (see section 4.8). In patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance 15‑30 mL/min) a higher rate of worsening in renal function (3.2%) was reported in the cangrelor group compared to clopidogrel (1.4%). In addition, a higher rate of GUSTO moderate bleeding was reported in the cangrelor group (6.7%) compared to clopidogrel (1.4%). Cangrelor should be used with caution in these patients.

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity reactions may occur after treatment with Kengrexal. A higher rate of serious cases of hypersensitivity were recorded with cangrelor (0.05%) than with control (0.007%). These included cases of anaphylactic reactions/shock and angioedema (see section 4.8).

Risk of dyspnoea

Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of dyspnoea. In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI dyspnoea (including exertional dyspnoea) occurred more commonly in patients treated with cangrelor (1.3%) than clopidogrel (0.4%). Most dyspnoea events were mild or moderate in severity and the median duration of dyspnoea was two hours in patients receiving cangrelor (see section 4.8).

Fructose intolerance

This medicinal product contains 52.2 mg sorbitol in each vial. Patients with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) must not be given this medicine unless strictly necessary.

Sodium

This medicinal product contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per vial, that is to say essentially 'sodium-free'.

4.5. Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

Interaction studies have only been performed in adults.

Oral P2Y12 agents (clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor)

When clopidogrel is administered during infusion of cangrelor, the expected inhibitory effect of clopidogrel on platelets is not achieved. Administration of 600 mg clopidogrel immediately after the cessation of the cangrelor infusion results in the anticipated full pharmacodynamic effect. No clinically relevant interruption of P2Y12 inhibition was observed in phase III studies when 600 mg clopidogrel was administered immediately after discontinuation of the cangrelor infusion.

A pharmacodynamic interaction study has been conducted with cangrelor and prasugrel, which demonstrated that cangrelor and prasugrel can be administered concomitantly. Patients can be transitioned from cangrelor to prasugrel when prasugrel is administered immediately following discontinuation of the cangrelor infusion or up to one hour before, optimally at 30 minutes before the end of the cangrelor infusion to limit recovery of platelet reactivity.

A pharmacodynamic interaction study has also been conducted with cangrelor and ticagrelor. No interaction on cangrelor was observed. Patients can be transitioned from cangrelor to ticagrelor without interruption of antiplatelet effect, see section 4.2..

Pharmacodynamic effects

Cangrelor exhibits inhibition of activation and aggregation of platelets as shown by aggregometry (light transmission and impedance), point-of care assays, such as the VerifyNow P2Y12 test, VASP-P and flow cytometry.

Following the administration of a 30 micrograms/kg bolus followed by a 4 micrograms/kg/min infusion (the PCI dose), platelet inhibition is observed within two minutes. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) effect of cangrelor is maintained consistently for the duration of the infusion.

Irrespective of dose, following cessation of the infusion, cangrelor blood levels decrease rapidly and platelet function returns to normal within one hour.

Acetylsalicylic acid, heparin, nitrogycerin

No pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interaction with cangrelor was observed in an interaction study with aspirin, heparin, or nitroglycerin.

Bivalirudin, low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux, and GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors

In clinical studies, cangrelor has been co-administered with bivalirudin, low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux, and GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors (abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban) with no apparent effect upon the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of cangrelor.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP)

Metabolism of cangrelor is not dependent on CYPs and CYP isoenzymes are not inhibited by therapeutic concentrations of cangrelor or its major metabolites.

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)

In vitro inhibition of BCRP by the metabolite ARC-69712XX at clinically relevant concentrations has been observed. Possible implications for the in vivo situation have not been investigated, but caution is advised when cangrelor is to be combined with a BCRP substrate.

4.6. Fertility, pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy

There are no or limited amount of data from the use of Kengrexal in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3).

Kengrexal is not recommended during pregnancy.

Breast-feeding

It is unknown whether Kengrexal is excreted in human milk. A risk to the newborns/infants cannot be excluded.

Fertility

No effect on female fertility parameters were observed in animal studies of Kengrexal. A reversible effect on fertility was observed in male rats treated with Kengrexal (see section 5.3).

4.7. Effects on ability to drive and use machines

Kengrexal has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.

4.8. Undesirable effects

Summary of the safety profile

The most common adverse reactions with cangrelor include mild and moderate bleeding and dyspnoea. Serious adverse reactions associated with cangrelor in patients with coronary artery disease include severe/life threatening bleeding and hypersensitivity.

Tabulated list of adverse reactions

Table 1 depicts adverse reactions that have been identified based upon a pooling of combined data from all CHAMPION studies. Adverse reactions are classified according to frequency and system organ class. Frequency categories are defined according to the following conventions: Very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100), rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000), very rare (<1/10,000).

Table 1: Adverse reactions for cangrelor in CHAMPION pooled studies within 48 hours

System organ class

Common

Uncommon

Rare

Very rare

Infections and infestations

Haematoma infection

Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (includes cysts and polyps)

Skin neoplasm bleeding

Blood and lymphatic system disorders

Anaemia, thrombo-cytopenia

Immune system disorders

Anaphylactic reaction (anaphylactic shock), hypersensitivity

Nervous system disorders

Haemorrhage intracranial d *

Eye disorders

Eye haemorrhage

Ear and labyrinth disorders

Ear haemorrhage

Cardiac disorders

Cardiac tamponade (pericardial haemorrhage)

Vascular disorders

Haematoma <5 cm, haemorrhage

Haemodynamic instability

Wound haemorrhage, vascular pseudoaneurysm

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

Dyspnoea (dyspnoea exertional)

Epistaxis, haemoptysis

Pulmonary haemorrhage

Gastrointestinal disorders

Retroperitoneal haemorrhage,* peritoneal haematoma, gastrointestinal haemorrhage a

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

Ecchymosis (petechiae, purpura)

Rash, pruritus, urticaria f

Angioedema

Renal and urinary disorders

Haemorrhage urinary tract, e

acute renal failure (renal failure)

Reproductive system and breast disorders

Pelvic haemorrhage

Menorrhagia, penile haemorrhage

General disorders and administration site conditions

Vessel puncture site discharge

Vessel puncture site haematoma b

Investigations

Haematocrit decreased, haemoglobin decreased**

Blood creatinine increased

Platelet count decreased, red blood cell count decreased, international normalised ratio increased c

Injury, poisoning and procedural complications

Haematoma ≥5 cm

Contusion

Periorbital haematoma, subcutaneous haematoma

Multiple related adverse reaction terms have been grouped together in the table and include medical terms as described below:

a. Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, mouth haemorrhage, gingival bleeding, oesophageal haemorrhage, duodenal ulcer haemorrhage, haematemesis, lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage, rectal haemorrhage, haemorrhoidal haemorrhage, haematochezia.

b. Application site bleeding, catheter site haemorrhage or haematoma, infusion site haemorrhage or haematoma.

c. Coagulation time abnormal, prothrombin time prolonged.

d. Cerebral haemorrhage, cerebrovascular accident.

e. Haematuria, blood urine present, urethral haemorrhage.

f. Erythema, rash erythematous, rash pruritic.

* Including events with fatal outcome.

** Transfusion was uncommon 101/12,565 (0.8%).

Description of selected adverse reactions

The GUSTO bleeding scale was measured in the CHAMPION (PHOENIX, PLATFORM, and PCI) clinical trials. An analysis of non‑coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)‑related bleeding is presented in Table 2.

When administered in the PCI setting, cangrelor was associated with a greater incidence of GUSTO mild bleeding compared with clopidogrel. Further analysis of GUSTO mild bleeding revealed that a large proportion of mild bleeding events were ecchymosis, oozing and <5 cm haematoma. Transfusion and GUSTO severe/life-threatening bleeding rates were similar. In the pooled safety population from the CHAMPION trials, the incidence of fatal bleeding within 30 days of dosing was low and similar in patients who received cangrelor compared to clopidogrel (8 [0.1%] vs. 9 [0.1%]).

No baseline demographic factor altered the relative risk of bleeding with cangrelor.

Table 2: Non-CABG-related bleeding

GUSTO bleeding, n (%)

CHAMPION pooled

Cangrelor

(N=12,565)

Clopidogrel

(N=12,542)

Any GUSTO bleeding

2,196 (17.5)

1,696 (13.5)

Severe/life-threatening

28 (0.2)

23 (0.2)

Moderate

76 (0.6)

56 (0.4)

Mild a

2,109 (16.8)

1,627 (13.0)

Mild w/o ecchymosis, oozing and haematoma <5 cm

707 (5.6)

515 (4.1)

Patients with any transfusion

90 (0.7)

70 (0.6)

CHAMPION PHOENIX

Cangrelor

(N=5,529)

Clopidogrel

(N=5,527)

Any GUSTO bleeding

178 (3.2)

107 (1.9)

Severe/life-threatening

9 (0.2)

6 (0.1)

Moderate

22 (0.4)

13 (0.2)

Mild b

150 (2.7)

88 (1.6)

Mild w/o ecchymosis, oozing and haematoma <5 cm

98 (1.8)

51 (0.9)

Patients with any transfusion

25 (0.5)

16 (0.3)

CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; GUSTO: Global Use of Strategies to Open Coronary Arteries; w/o: without

a In the CHAMPION pooled analysis, GUSTO Mild was defined as other bleed not requiring blood transfusion or causing haemodynamic compromise.

b In CHAMPION PHOENIX, GUSTO Mild was defined as other bleeding requiring intervention but not requiring blood transfusion or causing haemodynamic compromise.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via: Yellow Card Scheme Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

4.9. Overdose

In clinical studies, healthy volunteers received up to two times the proposed daily dose. In clinical trials, the maximum accidental overdose was 10 times (bolus) or 3.5 times the infusion dose normally administered and bleeding was the most frequently observed adverse event.

Bleeding is the most likely pharmacological effect of overdose. If bleeding occurs appropriate supportive measures should be taken, which may include stopping the medicinal product so platelet function can return.

There is no antidote to Kengrexal, however, the pharmacokinetic half-life of Kengrexal is three to six minutes. Platelet function is restored within 60 minutes of stopping the infusion.

🇷🇴 Known in Romania as

Medicines sold in Romania with the same active substance: Cunoscut în România ca

  • KENGREXAL 50 mg prescriptionCANGRELORUM · injection / infusion

Same active substance. The strength, the form and whether you need a prescription can differ. Always ask a pharmacist before you switch. Romanian medicines in the UK →

🇵🇱 Known in Poland as

Medicines sold in Poland with the same active substance: W Polsce znany jako

  • KengrexalCangrelorum · injection / infusion

Same active substance. The strength, the form and whether you need a prescription can differ. Always ask a pharmacist before you switch. Polish medicines in the UK →

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