Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
The electronic medicines compendium (emc) no longer publishes a Summary of Product Characteristics for this product, which usually means it is no longer marketed in the UK. The patient leaflet below is kept for reference, but the product may not be available.
If you were prescribed this medicine, other products containing Cangrelor may still be available. Do not stop your treatment — ask your pharmacist or GP what to use instead.
for nose, gastrointestinal tract, in the abdomen, or bleeding including blood thinners (anticoagulants
e in the urine or from injection or catheter sites, e.g., warfarin). Kengrexal
KENGREXAL Reporting of side effects help to keep it open. Using Kengrexal reduces the Your treatment with Kengrexal will be supervised If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor. This risk that this procedure will cause a clot to form and by a doctor experienced in caring for patients includes any possible side effects not listed in this block the blood vessels again. with heart disease. The doctor will decide how leaflet. much Kengrexal you receive, and will prepare the Kengrexal is only for use in adults. medicine. You can also report side effects directly via the national reporting system listed. By reporting side 2. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE YOU Kengrexal is for injection, followed by infusion effects you can help provide more information on USE KENGREXAL (drip), into a vein. The dose given depends on your the safety of this medicine. weight. The recommended dose is: Do not use Kengrexal
KENGREXAL accident. monitoring for signs of side effects. Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of
FOGLIO ILLUSTRATIVO: INFORMAZIONI PER IL PAZIENTE
Kengrexal 50 mg polvere per concentrato per soluzione iniettabile/per infusione cangrelor
Legga attentamente questo foglio prima di usare questo medicinale perché contiene importanti informazioni per lei.
1. CHE COS'È KENGREXAL E A COSA SERVE Kengrexal è un medicinale antipiastrinico che contiene il principio attivo cangrelor.
Le piastrine sono cellule molto piccole nel sangue che possono aggregarsi tra di loro e aiutare il sangue a coagulare. A volte possono formarsi dei coaguli all'interno di un vaso sanguigno danneggiato, come in un'arteria del cuore, e ciò può essere molto pericoloso perché il coagulo può interrompere l'apporto di sangue (un evento trombotico), provocando un attacco cardiaco (infarto miocardico).
• • • •
sangue o a causa di un'altra patologia che può aumentare il rischio di sanguinamento, come un trauma grave recente, qualsiasi intervento chirurgico recente, una storia di ictus o di attacco ischemico transitorio o recente sanguinamento dallo stomaco o dall'intestino. se la sua funzione renale è compromessa o lei ha bisogno di dialisi. se ha mai avuto una reazione allergica a Kengrexal o a uno qualsiasi dei suoi componenti. se è affetto da difficoltà respiratorie tipo asma. se il medico le ha detto che ha un'intolleranza ad alcuni zuccheri.
Bambini e adolescenti Kengrexal non è raccomandato per i bambini e gli adolescenti di età inferiore ai 18 anni. Altri medicinali e Kengrexal Può ricevere acido acetilsalicilico (ASA) mentre riceve il trattamento con Kengrexal o con un altro tipo di medicinale antipiastrinico (ad es. clopidogrel) prima e dopo il trattamento con Kengrexal. Informi il medico se sta assumendo altri medicinali che possono aumentare il rischio di effetti indesiderati come sanguinamento, compresi i fluidificanti del sangue (anticoagulanti, ad es. warfarin). Informi il medico se sta assumendo, ha recentemente assunto o potrebbe assumere qualsiasi altro medicinale. Gravidanza e allattamento Se è in corso una gravidanza, se sospetta o sta pianificando una gravidanza, chieda consiglio al medico prima di prendere questo medicinale. Kengrexal non è raccomandato per l'uso durante la gravidanza.
Guida di veicoli e utilizzo di macchinari Kengrexal diminuisce l'aggregazione delle piastrine L'effetto di Kengrexal scompare rapidamente ed e riduce in tal modo la possibilità di formazione dei è improbabile che influisca sulla sua capacità di guidare o utilizzare macchinari. coaguli sanguigni. Le è stato prescritto Kengrexal perché lei ha vasi sanguigni ostruiti nel cuore (malattia coronarica) e ha bisogno di una procedura (chiamata intervento coronarico percutaneo – PCI) per eliminare l'ostruzione. Durante questa procedura potrà essere inserito uno stent nel suo vaso sanguigno per aiutare a mantenerlo aperto. L'utilizzo di Kengrexal riduce il rischio di formazione di un coagulo e di una nuova ostruzione dei vasi sanguigni causati da questa procedura.
Kengrexal contiene sodioe sorbitolo Sorbitolo è una fonte di fruttosio. Se le è stata diagnosticata l'intolleranza ereditaria al fruttosio, una rara malattia genetica, non deve prendere questo medicinale. I pazienti con intolleranza ereditaria al fruttosio non riescono a trasformare il fruttosio, che può causare gravi effetti collaterali. Prima di prendere questo medicinale, informi il medico se soffre di intolleranza ereditaria al fruttosio.
Kengrexal è solo per l'uso negli adulti.
Questo medicinale contiene meno di 1 mmol (23 mg) di sodio per flaconcino, cioè essenzialmente 'senza sodio'.
2. COSA DEVE SAPERE PRIMA DI USARE KENGREXAL
Non usi Kengrexal
3. COME USARE KENGREXAL
La sua terapia con Kengrexal sarà supervisionata da un medico esperto nel trattamento dei pazienti con malattie cardiache. Il medico deciderà quanto Kengrexal lei dovrà ricevere e preparerà il medicinale. Kengrexal è somministrato mediante iniezione, seguita da un'infusione (fleboclisi) in una vena. La dose somministrata dipende dal suo peso. La dose raccomandata è:
Se ha qualsiasi dubbio sull'uso di questo medicinale, si rivolga al medico.
4. POSSIBILI EFFETTI INDESIDERATI
Come tutti i medicinali, questo medicinale può causare effetti indesiderati sebbene non tutte le persone li manifestino. Se si verificano, gli effetti indesiderati possono richiedere l'attenzione del medico. Dica al medico immediatamente se nota uno qualsiasi dei seguenti:
which is stated on the label and carton after 'EXP'. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month. This medicine does not require any special storage conditions. Reconstituted solution: the powder should be reconstituted immediately prior to dilution and use. Do not refrigerate. Diluted solution: From a microbiological point of view, unless the method of reconstitution/ dilution precludes the risk of microbiological contamination, the product should be used immediately. If not used immediately, in-use storage times and conditions prior to use are the responsibility of the user.
What Kengrexal contains The active substance is cangrelor. Each vial contains 50 mg cangrelor. After reconstitution 1 mL of concentrate contains 10 mg cangrelor and after dilution 1 mL of solution contains 200 micrograms cangrelor. The other ingredients are mannitol, sorbitol and sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. What Kengrexal looks like and contents of the pack Powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion in a glass vial.
The following information is intended for healthcare professionals only: Kengrexal should be administered by a physician experienced in either acute coronary care or in coronary intervention procedures and is intended for specialised use in an acute and hospital setting. Posology The recommended dose of Kengrexal for patients undergoing PCI is a 30 micrograms/kg intravenous bolus followed immediately by 4 micrograms/kg/ min intravenous infusion. The bolus and infusion should be initiated prior to the procedure and continued for at least two hours or for the duration of the procedure, whichever is longer. At the discretion of the physician, the infusion may be continued for a total duration of four hours. See section 5.1. Patients should be transitioned to oral P2Y12 therapy for chronic treatment. For transition, a loading dose of oral P2Y12 therapy (clopidogrel, ticagrelor or prasugrel) should be administered immediately following discontinuation of cangrelor infusion. Alternatively, a loading dose of prasugrel, but not clopidogrel, may be administered up to 30 minutes before the end of the infusion. A standard loading dose of ticagrelor can be given any time during cangrelor infusion, see section 4.5. Instructions for preparation Aseptic procedures should be used for the preparation of Kengrexal.
The vial should be reconsituted immediately prior Kengrexal is a white to off-white freeze-dried powder. to dilution and use. Reconstitute each 50 mg/vial, by adding 5 mL of sterile water for injection. Swirl gently until all material is dissolved. Avoid vigorous Kengrexal is available in packs of 10 vials. mixing. Allow any foam to settle. Ensure that the contents of the vial are fully dissolved and the Marketing Authorisation Holder reconstituted material is a clear, colourless to pale Ireland : yellow solution. Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Via Palermo 26/A Do not use without dilution. Before administration, 43122 Parma 5 mL reconstituted solution has to be withdrawn Italy from each vial and must be diluted further with 250 mL sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) solution for United Kingdom: injection or glucose (5%) solution for injection. Mix Chiesi Limited the bag thoroughly. 333 Styal Road Manchester The medicinal product should be inspected visually M22 5LG for particulate matter after reconstitution. Manufacturer Kengrexal is administered as a weight-based Diapharm GmbH & Co. KG regimen consisting of an initial intravenous bolus Am Mittelhafen 56 followed by an intravenous infusion. The bolus and 48155 Münster infusion should be administered from the infusion Germany solution. Amryt Pharmaceuticals Designated Activity This dilution will generate a concentration of 200 Company micrograms/mL and should be sufficient for at least 45 Mespil Road, two hours of dosing as required. Patients 100 kg Dublin 4, D04 W2F1, and over will require a minimum of two bags. Ireland Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. via San Leonardo, 96 43122 Parma, Italy For any information about this medicine, please contact the local representative of the Marketing Authorisation Holder. Ireland Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Tel: + 39 0521 2791 United Kingdom Chiesi Ltd Tel: + 44 (0)161 488 5555 This leaflet was last revised in March 2026. Other sources of information Detailed information on this medicine is available on the European Medicines Agency web site: http://www.ema.europa.eu ……………………………………………
5. COME CONSERVARE KENGREXAL
Tenere questo medicinale fuori dalla vista e dalla portata dei bambini. Non usi questo medicinale dopo la data di scadenza che è riportata sull'etichetta e sulla scatola dopo 'Scad.'. La data di scadenza si riferisce all'ultimo giorno di quel mese. Questo medicinale non richiede qualsiasi condizione speciale di conservazione.
sottoposti a PCI è un bolo endovenoso di 30 microgrammi/kg seguito immediatamente da un'infusione endovenosa di 4 microgrammi/kg/ minuto. Il bolo e l'infusione devono essere iniziati prima della procedura e continuati per almeno due ore o per la durata della procedura, a seconda di quale tempo risulti più lungo. A discrezione del medico, l'infusione può essere continuata per una durata totale di quattro ore (vedere paragrafo 5.1).
Per il trattamento cronico, i pazienti devono essere fatti passare alla terapia con gli inibitori del recettore P2Y12 per via orale. Per la transizione, Soluzione ricostituita: la polvere deve essere ricostituita immediatamente prima della diluizione una dose di carico della terapia con gli inibitori del recettore P2Y12 per via orale (clopidogrel, e dell'uso. Non refrigerare. ticagrelor o prasugrel) deve essere somministrata Soluzione diluita: Dal punto di vista microbiologico, subito dopo l'interruzione dell'infusione di cangrelor. In alternativa, può essere somministrata a meno che il metodo di ricostituzione / una dose di carico di ticagrelor o prasugrel, ma non diluizione precluda il rischio di contaminazione di clopidogrel, fino a 30 minuti prima della fine microbiologica, il medicinale deve essere dell'infusione (vedere paragrafo 4.5). usato immediatamente. Se non viene usato immediatamente, i tempi di conservazione durante Istruzioni per la preparazione l'uso e le condizioni prima dell'uso sono sotto la Le procedure asettiche devono essere utilizzate per responsabilità dell'utilizzatore. la preparazione di Kengrexal.
6. CONTENUTO DELLA CONFEZIONE E ALTRE INFORMAZIONI
Cosa contiene Kengrexal Il principio attivo è cangrelor. Ogni flaconcino contiene 50 mg di cangrelor. Dopo la ricostituzione 1 mL di concentrato contiene 10 mg di cangrelor e dopo la diluzione 1 mL di soluzione contiene 200 microgrammi di cangrelor. Gli altri componenti sono mannitolo, sorbitolo e sodio idrossido per l'aggiustamento del pH. Descrizione dell'aspetto di Kengrexal e contenuto della confezione Polvere per concentrato per soluzione iniettabile/ per infusione in un flaconcino di vetro. Kengrexal è una polvere liofilizzata da bianca a biancastra. Kengrexal è disponibile in confezioni da dieci flaconcini. Titolare dell'autorizzazione all'immissione in commercio Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Via Palermo, 26/A 43122 Parma Italia Produttore Amryt Pharmaceuticals Designated Activity Company 45 Mespil Road, Dublin 4, D04 W2F1, Ireland Per ulteriori informazioni su questo medicinale, contatti il rappresentante locale del titolare dell'autorizzazione all'immissione in commercio:
Il flaconcino deve essere ricostituito immediatamente prima della diluizione e dell'uso. Ricostituire ciascun flaconcino da 50 mg aggiungendo 5 mL di acqua sterile per preparazioni iniettabili. Agitare delicatamente con movimento circolare fino a quando tutto il materiale è disciolto. Evitare la miscelazione vigorosa. Lasciare depositare l'eventuale schiuma formatasi. Accertarsi che il contenuto del flaconcino sia completamente disciolto e che il materiale ricostituito sia una soluzione limpida, da incolore a color giallo pallido. Non usare senza la diluizione. Prima della somministrazione, prelevare da ogni flaconcino 5 ml di soluzione ricostituita e diluirli ulteriormente con 250 mL di soluzione iniettabile di cloruro di sodio 9 mg/mL (0,9%) o di soluzione iniettabile di glucosio (5%). Miscelare accuratamente la sacca. Il medicinale deve essere ispezionato visivamente per l'eventuale presenza di sostanze particellari dopo la ricostituzione. Kengrexal viene somministrato secondo un regime basato sul peso composto da un bolo endovenoso iniziale seguito da un'infusione endovenosa. Il bolo e l'infusione devono essere somministrati dalla soluzione per l'infusione. Questa diluizione genera una concentrazione di 200 microgrammi/mL e deve essere sufficiente per almeno due ore di somministrazione come richiesto. Per i pazienti di peso a partire dai 100 kg sono necessarie almeno due sacche.
Italia Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Tel: + 39 0521 2791 Questo foglio illustrativo è stato aggiornato il 11/2024 Altre fonti d'informazioni Informazioni più dettagliate su questo medicinale sono disponibili sul sito web dell'Agenzia europea dei medicinali: http://www.ema.europa.eu. ………………………………………….. Le informazioni seguenti sono destinate esclusivamente agli operatori sanitari: Kengrexal deve essere somministrato da un medico esperto nella terapia coronarica acuta o nelle procedure coronariche ed è inteso per l'uso specialistico in ospedaliere situazioni acute in ambito ospedaliero. Posologia La dose raccomandata di Kengrexal per i pazienti Chiesi Item
Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion comes as injection containing 50mg. Always follow the dose your doctor or pharmacist has given you, and read the leaflet that comes with the medicine.
The active substance in Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion is cangrelor.
This leaflet reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion, as published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). The version printed inside your medicine’s packaging is the one that applies to you.
Whether a medicine is available over the counter or on prescription only depends on its licence. Check the leaflet, or ask your pharmacist — they can tell you straight away.
The text above reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for this medicine, restructured for easier reading.
Kengrexal, co-administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events in adult patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who have not received an oral P2Y12 inhibitor prior to the PCI procedure and in whom oral therapy with P2Y12 inhibitors is not feasible or desirable.
Kengrexal should be administered by a physician experienced in either acute coronary care or in coronary intervention procedures and is intended for specialised use in an acute and hospital setting.
Posology
The recommended dose of Kengrexal for patients undergoing PCI is a 30 micrograms/kg intravenous bolus followed immediately by 4 micrograms/kg/min intravenous infusion. The bolus and infusion should be initiated prior to the procedure and continued for at least two hours or for the duration of the procedure, whichever is longer. At the discretion of the physician, the infusion may be continued for a total duration of four hours, see section 5.1.
Patients should be transitioned to oral P2Y12 therapy for chronic treatment. For transition, a loading dose of oral P2Y12 therapy (clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor) should be administered. as described below, see also section 4.5:
• Clopidogrel: immediately following discontinuation of cangrelor infusion.
• Prasugrel: immediately following discontinuation of cangrelor infusion. Alternatively, a loading dose of prasugrel may be administered up to 30 minutes before the end of the infusion.
• Ticagrelor: at any time during cangrelor infusion or immediately after discontinuation.
Use with other anticoagulant agents
In patients undergoing PCI, standard procedural adjunctive therapy should be implemented (see section 5.1).
Elderly
No dose adjustment is needed in elderly (≥75 years) patients.
Renal impairment
No dose adjustment is needed in patients with mild, moderate or severe renal insufficiency (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).
Hepatic impairment
No dose adjustment is needed (see section 5.2).
Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy of cangrelor in children aged less than 18 years has not yet been established. Currently available data are described in section 5.1 and 5.2 but no recommendation on a posology can be made.
Method of administration
Kengrexal is intended for intravenous use, only after reconstitution and dilution.
Kengrexal should be administered via an intravenous line. The bolus volume should be administered rapidly (<1 minute), from the diluted bag via manual intravenous push or pump. Ensure the bolus is completely administered before the start of PCI. Start the infusion immediately after administration of the bolus.
For instructions on reconstitution and dilution of the medicinal product before administration see section 6.6.
• Active bleeding or increased risk of bleeding, because of impaired haemostasis and/or irreversible coagulation disorders or due to recent major surgery/trauma or uncontrolled severe hypertension.
• Any history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
• Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
Risk of bleeding
Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of bleeding.
In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, GUSTO (Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Arteries), moderate and mild bleeding events were more common in patients treated with cangrelor than in patients treated with clopidogrel, see section 4.8.
Although most bleeding associated with the use of cangrelor occurs at the site of arterial puncture, haemorrhage can occur at any site. Any unexplained fall in blood pressure or haematocrit should lead to the serious consideration of a haemorrhagic event and the cessation of cangrelor administration. Cangrelor should be used with caution in patients with disease states associated with an increased bleeding risk. Cangrelor should be used with caution in patients taking medicines that may increase the risk of bleeding.
Cangrelor has a half-life of three to six minutes. Platelet function is restored within 60 minutes of stopping infusion.
Intracranial haemorrhage
Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, there were more intracranial bleeds at 30 days with cangrelor (0.07%) than with clopidogrel (0.02%), of which 4 bleeds with cangrelor and 1 bleed with clopidogrel were fatal. Cangrelor is contraindicated in patients with any history of stroke/TIA, (see sections 4.3 and 4.8).
Cardiac tamponade
Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of cardiac tamponade. In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, there were more cardiac tamponades at 30 days with cangrelor (0.12%) than with clopidogrel (0.02%), (see section 4.8).
Effects on renal function
In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI, events of acute renal failure (0.1%), renal failure (0.1%) and increased serum creatinine (0.2%) were reported to occur after administration of cangrelor in clinical trials (see section 4.8). In patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance 15‑30 mL/min) a higher rate of worsening in renal function (3.2%) was reported in the cangrelor group compared to clopidogrel (1.4%). In addition, a higher rate of GUSTO moderate bleeding was reported in the cangrelor group (6.7%) compared to clopidogrel (1.4%). Cangrelor should be used with caution in these patients.
Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity reactions may occur after treatment with Kengrexal. A higher rate of serious cases of hypersensitivity were recorded with cangrelor (0.05%) than with control (0.007%). These included cases of anaphylactic reactions/shock and angioedema (see section 4.8).
Risk of dyspnoea
Treatment with Kengrexal may increase the risk of dyspnoea. In pivotal studies conducted in patients undergoing PCI dyspnoea (including exertional dyspnoea) occurred more commonly in patients treated with cangrelor (1.3%) than clopidogrel (0.4%). Most dyspnoea events were mild or moderate in severity and the median duration of dyspnoea was two hours in patients receiving cangrelor (see section 4.8).
Fructose intolerance
This medicinal product contains 52.2 mg sorbitol in each vial. Patients with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) must not be given this medicine unless strictly necessary.
Sodium
This medicinal product contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per vial, that is to say essentially 'sodium-free'.
Interaction studies have only been performed in adults.
Oral P2Y12 agents (clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor)
When clopidogrel is administered during infusion of cangrelor, the expected inhibitory effect of clopidogrel on platelets is not achieved. Administration of 600 mg clopidogrel immediately after the cessation of the cangrelor infusion results in the anticipated full pharmacodynamic effect. No clinically relevant interruption of P2Y12 inhibition was observed in phase III studies when 600 mg clopidogrel was administered immediately after discontinuation of the cangrelor infusion.
A pharmacodynamic interaction study has been conducted with cangrelor and prasugrel, which demonstrated that cangrelor and prasugrel can be administered concomitantly. Patients can be transitioned from cangrelor to prasugrel when prasugrel is administered immediately following discontinuation of the cangrelor infusion or up to one hour before, optimally at 30 minutes before the end of the cangrelor infusion to limit recovery of platelet reactivity.
A pharmacodynamic interaction study has also been conducted with cangrelor and ticagrelor. No interaction on cangrelor was observed. Patients can be transitioned from cangrelor to ticagrelor without interruption of antiplatelet effect, see section 4.2..
Pharmacodynamic effects
Cangrelor exhibits inhibition of activation and aggregation of platelets as shown by aggregometry (light transmission and impedance), point-of care assays, such as the VerifyNow P2Y12 test, VASP-P and flow cytometry.
Following the administration of a 30 micrograms/kg bolus followed by a 4 micrograms/kg/min infusion (the PCI dose), platelet inhibition is observed within two minutes. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) effect of cangrelor is maintained consistently for the duration of the infusion.
Irrespective of dose, following cessation of the infusion, cangrelor blood levels decrease rapidly and platelet function returns to normal within one hour.
Acetylsalicylic acid, heparin, nitrogycerin
No pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interaction with cangrelor was observed in an interaction study with aspirin, heparin, or nitroglycerin.
Bivalirudin, low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux, and GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors
In clinical studies, cangrelor has been co-administered with bivalirudin, low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux, and GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors (abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban) with no apparent effect upon the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of cangrelor.
Cytochrome P450 (CYP)
Metabolism of cangrelor is not dependent on CYPs and CYP isoenzymes are not inhibited by therapeutic concentrations of cangrelor or its major metabolites.
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)
In vitro inhibition of BCRP by the metabolite ARC-69712XX at clinically relevant concentrations has been observed. Possible implications for the in vivo situation have not been investigated, but caution is advised when cangrelor is to be combined with a BCRP substrate.
Pregnancy
There are no or limited amount of data from the use of Kengrexal in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3).
Kengrexal is not recommended during pregnancy.
Breast-feeding
It is unknown whether Kengrexal is excreted in human milk. A risk to the newborns/infants cannot be excluded.
Fertility
No effect on female fertility parameters were observed in animal studies of Kengrexal. A reversible effect on fertility was observed in male rats treated with Kengrexal (see section 5.3).
Kengrexal has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.
Summary of the safety profile
The most common adverse reactions with cangrelor include mild and moderate bleeding and dyspnoea. Serious adverse reactions associated with cangrelor in patients with coronary artery disease include severe/life threatening bleeding and hypersensitivity.
Tabulated list of adverse reactions
Table 1 depicts adverse reactions that have been identified based upon a pooling of combined data from all CHAMPION studies. Adverse reactions are classified according to frequency and system organ class. Frequency categories are defined according to the following conventions: Very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100), rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000), very rare (<1/10,000).
Table 1: Adverse reactions for cangrelor in CHAMPION pooled studies within 48 hours
System organ class
Common
Uncommon
Rare
Very rare
Infections and infestations
Haematoma infection
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (includes cysts and polyps)
Skin neoplasm bleeding
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anaemia, thrombo-cytopenia
Immune system disorders
Anaphylactic reaction (anaphylactic shock), hypersensitivity
Nervous system disorders
Haemorrhage intracranial d *
Eye disorders
Eye haemorrhage
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Ear haemorrhage
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac tamponade (pericardial haemorrhage)
Vascular disorders
Haematoma <5 cm, haemorrhage
Haemodynamic instability
Wound haemorrhage, vascular pseudoaneurysm
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Dyspnoea (dyspnoea exertional)
Epistaxis, haemoptysis
Pulmonary haemorrhage
Gastrointestinal disorders
Retroperitoneal haemorrhage,* peritoneal haematoma, gastrointestinal haemorrhage a
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Ecchymosis (petechiae, purpura)
Rash, pruritus, urticaria f
Angioedema
Renal and urinary disorders
Haemorrhage urinary tract, e
acute renal failure (renal failure)
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Pelvic haemorrhage
Menorrhagia, penile haemorrhage
General disorders and administration site conditions
Vessel puncture site discharge
Vessel puncture site haematoma b
Investigations
Haematocrit decreased, haemoglobin decreased**
Blood creatinine increased
Platelet count decreased, red blood cell count decreased, international normalised ratio increased c
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Haematoma ≥5 cm
Contusion
Periorbital haematoma, subcutaneous haematoma
Multiple related adverse reaction terms have been grouped together in the table and include medical terms as described below:
a. Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, mouth haemorrhage, gingival bleeding, oesophageal haemorrhage, duodenal ulcer haemorrhage, haematemesis, lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage, rectal haemorrhage, haemorrhoidal haemorrhage, haematochezia.
b. Application site bleeding, catheter site haemorrhage or haematoma, infusion site haemorrhage or haematoma.
c. Coagulation time abnormal, prothrombin time prolonged.
d. Cerebral haemorrhage, cerebrovascular accident.
e. Haematuria, blood urine present, urethral haemorrhage.
f. Erythema, rash erythematous, rash pruritic.
* Including events with fatal outcome.
** Transfusion was uncommon 101/12,565 (0.8%).
Description of selected adverse reactions
The GUSTO bleeding scale was measured in the CHAMPION (PHOENIX, PLATFORM, and PCI) clinical trials. An analysis of non‑coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)‑related bleeding is presented in Table 2.
When administered in the PCI setting, cangrelor was associated with a greater incidence of GUSTO mild bleeding compared with clopidogrel. Further analysis of GUSTO mild bleeding revealed that a large proportion of mild bleeding events were ecchymosis, oozing and <5 cm haematoma. Transfusion and GUSTO severe/life-threatening bleeding rates were similar. In the pooled safety population from the CHAMPION trials, the incidence of fatal bleeding within 30 days of dosing was low and similar in patients who received cangrelor compared to clopidogrel (8 [0.1%] vs. 9 [0.1%]).
No baseline demographic factor altered the relative risk of bleeding with cangrelor.
Table 2: Non-CABG-related bleeding
GUSTO bleeding, n (%)
CHAMPION pooled
Cangrelor
(N=12,565)
Clopidogrel
(N=12,542)
Any GUSTO bleeding
2,196 (17.5)
1,696 (13.5)
Severe/life-threatening
28 (0.2)
23 (0.2)
Moderate
76 (0.6)
56 (0.4)
Mild a
2,109 (16.8)
1,627 (13.0)
Mild w/o ecchymosis, oozing and haematoma <5 cm
707 (5.6)
515 (4.1)
Patients with any transfusion
90 (0.7)
70 (0.6)
CHAMPION PHOENIX
Cangrelor
(N=5,529)
Clopidogrel
(N=5,527)
Any GUSTO bleeding
178 (3.2)
107 (1.9)
Severe/life-threatening
9 (0.2)
6 (0.1)
Moderate
22 (0.4)
13 (0.2)
Mild b
150 (2.7)
88 (1.6)
Mild w/o ecchymosis, oozing and haematoma <5 cm
98 (1.8)
51 (0.9)
Patients with any transfusion
25 (0.5)
16 (0.3)
CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; GUSTO: Global Use of Strategies to Open Coronary Arteries; w/o: without
a In the CHAMPION pooled analysis, GUSTO Mild was defined as other bleed not requiring blood transfusion or causing haemodynamic compromise.
b In CHAMPION PHOENIX, GUSTO Mild was defined as other bleeding requiring intervention but not requiring blood transfusion or causing haemodynamic compromise.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via: Yellow Card Scheme Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
In clinical studies, healthy volunteers received up to two times the proposed daily dose. In clinical trials, the maximum accidental overdose was 10 times (bolus) or 3.5 times the infusion dose normally administered and bleeding was the most frequently observed adverse event.
Bleeding is the most likely pharmacological effect of overdose. If bleeding occurs appropriate supportive measures should be taken, which may include stopping the medicinal product so platelet function can return.
There is no antidote to Kengrexal, however, the pharmacokinetic half-life of Kengrexal is three to six minutes. Platelet function is restored within 60 minutes of stopping the infusion.
Medicines sold in Romania with the same active substance: Cunoscut în România ca
Same active substance. The strength, the form and whether you need a prescription can differ. Always ask a pharmacist before you switch. Romanian medicines in the UK →
Medicines sold in Poland with the same active substance: W Polsce znany jako
Same active substance. The strength, the form and whether you need a prescription can differ. Always ask a pharmacist before you switch. Polish medicines in the UK →
Ask anything about Kengrexal 50 mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection / infusion. The assistant answers only from this leaflet — if the leaflet does not cover it, it will say so. It does not give medical advice.
Answers come from the patient leaflet published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). They are not medical advice. Ask a pharmacist or your GP if you are unsure. For urgent help call NHS 111, or 999 in an emergency.
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