Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.
The electronic medicines compendium (emc) no longer publishes a Summary of Product Characteristics for this product, which usually means it is no longer marketed in the UK. The patient leaflet below is kept for reference, but the product may not be available.
If you were prescribed this medicine, other products containing Bacillus calmette-guerin may still be available. Do not stop your treatment — ask your pharmacist or GP what to use instead.
for
The full name of this medicine is BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension. It will be referred to as BCG-medac in the rest of this leaflet. BCG-medac contains weakened (attenuated) Mycobacterium bovis bacteria with low infectious potential. BCG-medac stimulates the immune system and is used to treat bladder cancer and to prevent bladder cancer from coming back after bladder surgery. BCG-medac is administered directly into the bladder through a tube.
e BCG-medac Do not use BCG-medac if • if you are allergic to viable BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) bacteria or any of the other ingredients of this medicine, especially polysorbate 80 and polygeline (listed in section 6.). • you are HIV-positive. You may need to have a blood test for HIV. • you have problems with your immune system caused by illness (e.g. leukaemia, lymphoma) or other medicines you are taking (e.g. immunosuppressive therapy, such as chemotherapy or corticosteroids). • you have or think you have TB (tuberculosis). • you have had radiotherapy to the bladder or adjacent regions. • you are breast-feeding or pregnant. • you have had surgery through the urethra (TUR; transurethral resection), a sample of your bladder tissue (bladder biopsy) was taken or you suffered injury by catheter (traumatic catheterisation) during the previous 2 – 3 weeks. • you have bladder perforation. • there is visible blood in your urine (macrohaematuria). • you have a urinary tract infection (UTI) or cystitis (inflammation of the bladder). This must be treated first. pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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BCG-medac must not be used for administration under or into the skin, into the muscle or vein or for vaccination. It must be administered directly into the bladder by instillation. Warnings and precautions Your doctor will give you a patient alert card, which you should always carry with you (see also section 4). Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using BCG-medac • if you have a fever or presence of blood in the urine. Treatment with BCG-medac should be postponed. • if you have a low bladder capacity as it may decrease even more after the treatment. • if you are HLA-B27 (human leukocyte antigen B27) positive as the risk of inflammation of the joints could be increased (reactional arthritis). • if you have arthritis with inflammation of the skin, eyes, and the urinary tract (Reiter's syndrome). • if you have a localised dilatation of a blood vessel (aneurysm) or prosthesis. You may get an infection of implants or grafts. • if you have liver problems or take drugs which may affect the liver. This is particularly important if anti-tuberculosis drugs are considered. General hygiene After intravesical instillation sit down to urinate to prevent spray of urine to avoid contamination of surrounding area with BCG bacteria. It is recommended to wash your hands and genital area after urinating. This applies especially to the first urination following BCG treatment. If skin lesions are contaminated, an appropriate disinfectant should be used (ask your doctor or pharmacist). Detection of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin The detection of BCG bacteria is generally difficult. A negative test result does not rule out an infection with BCG outside the bladder. Patients with contact to immunosuppressed persons If you are treated with BCG-medac you must comply with general hygienic standards as stated above. This is of utmost importance if you are in contact with immunosuppressed persons, as BCG bacteria can be harmful to patients with a weak immune system. However, man-to-man transmission of the bacteria has not been reported yet. Sexual transmission Sexual intercourse should be avoided or a condom should be used for one week after BCG therapy to prevent sexual transmission of BCG bacteria. Other medicines and BCG-medac Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines. This is especially important with the following medicines: • medicines for TB (e.g. ethambutol, streptomycin, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin); • antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, doxycycline or gentamicin); • medicines which affect the immune system (immune-suppressants); • chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
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Pregnancy, breast-feeding and fertility Pregnancy You should not have BCG-medac if you are pregnant or you think you might be pregnant. Breast-feeding You should not have BCG-medac when you are breast-feeding. Fertility BCG may affect sperm production. Men should seek advice about the possibility of sperm preservation before starting BCG-medac. Driving and using machines This medicine could have an effect on your ability to drive or operate machines. Do not drive or operate machinery until you know what effect BCG-medac has on you. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist if you are unsure about anything.
3.How to use BCG-medac Dosage You will be given BCG-medac by experienced healthcare professionals only. Administration Before BCG-medac is given Do not drink any liquid for 4 hours before the treatment You will be asked to urinate immediately before BCG-medac is given to you. Being given your medicine A small flexible tube (catheter) will be passed into your bladder. This will remove any urine that is still in your bladder. BCG-medac is then run into your bladder through this tube. The tube will then be removed. After it has been given BCG-medac will be left in your bladder for 2 hours. During this time you should move around a little. This makes sure that treatment is spread around your entire bladder wall. Do not drink any liquid for 2 hours after you have been given BCG-medac. After 2 hours you should empty your bladder in a sitting position to avoid splashing your urine around the toilet. During the next 6 – 48 hours If you need to urinate again, also do this while sitting down. Every time you urinate, add two cups of household bleach to the toilet. Leave the bleach and urine to stand in the toilet for 15 minutes before flushing pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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Drink plenty of fluid for 48 hours after each BCG-medac treatment.
BCG-medac is given once a week for 6 weeks (induction therapy). After this some people have 'maintenance therapy', where you may be given more doses. Your doctor will talk to you about this. If you use more BCG-medac than you should Overdose is unlikely to occur as one vial of BCG-medac corresponds to one dose instilled into the bladder. There are no data indicating that an overdose may lead to any other symptoms than the described side effects (see section 4).
4.
Possible side effects
Like all medicines, this medicine can have side effects, although not everybody gets them. The side effects of BCG treatment are frequent but generally mild and temporary. Adverse reactions usually increase with the number of BCG treatments. Show your patient alert card to your treating physicians. The most serious side effect is a severe systemic BCG infection. Tell your doctor immediately if you experience the following symptoms which can occur at any time and are sometimes delayed, and may develop weeks, months or even years after your last dose: • • • •
•
Fever above 39.5 °C during at least 12 hours or fever above 38 °C lasting for weeks; night sweats Weight loss of unknown origin Feeling increasingly unwell (e.g. tired, weak or exhausted) Signs of inflammation that may present as o breathing difficulties, chest pain or a cough, o liver problems: a feeling of pressure in right upper abdomen or, liver function test abnormalities (especially an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase), or o pain and redness of the eye, vision problems or blurry vision swelling of your lymph glands
Systemic BCG infection/reaction If the bladder is accidently injured during treatment with BCG or BCG is administered into a muscle or vein this can result in a severe general infection with BCG. Severe systemic BCG infection can lead to BCG sepsis. BCG sepsis is a life-threatening situation. Talk immediately to your physician if you experience a symptom or sign that worries you. It is importance to carry the alert card with you and show it to the doctors and nurses treating you to ensure appropriate treatment should a delayed BCG infection occur. Below is a complete list of side effects of BCG-medac: Very common: may affect more than 1 in 10 people • Feeling sick (nausea) • Bladder inflammation (cystitis), inflammatory reactions (granulomata) of the bladder. These
may be an essential part of the anti-tumour activity. • Frequent urination with discomfort and pain. This may affect up to 90% of the patients. • Inflammatory reactions of the prostate gland (asymptomatic granulomatous prostatitis) • Temporary systemic BCG reactions such as fever below 38.5 °C, flu-like symptoms (malaise, fever, chills) and general discomfort • Fatigue pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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Common: may affect up to 1 in 10 people • Fever higher than 38.5 °C • Muscle pain (myalgia) • Diarrhoea • Abdominal pain • Incontinence Uncommon: may affect up to 1 in 100 people • Severe systemic BCG reaction/infection, BCG sepsis (see below for more detailed information) • Deficiency of cells in the blood (cytopenia) • Anaemia (decrease in haemoglobin in the blood) • Reiter's syndrome (arthritis with inflammation of the skin, eyes, and the urinary tract) • Inflammation of the lungs (miliary pneumonitis) • Inflammatory reactions of the lung (pulmonary granuloma) • Inflammation of the liver (hepatitis) • Skin abscess • Skin rash, joint inflammation (arthritis), joint pain (arthralgia). In most cases, these side effects are signs of an allergic (hypersensitivity) reaction to BCG. In some cases it may be necessary to discontinue treatment. • Urinary tract infection, presence of blood in the urine (macroscopic haematuria) • Abnormally small bladder (bladder retraction), abnormally low urine flow (urinary obstruction), bladder contracture • Inflammation of the testes (orchitis) • Inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) • Inflammatory reaction of the prostate gland (symptomatic granulomatous prostatitis) • Low blood pressure (hypotension) • Abnormal liver function test Rare: may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people • Vascular infection (e.g. infected localised dilatation of a blood vessel) • Kidney abscess Very rare: may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people • BCG infection of implants and surrounding tissue (e.g. aortic graft infection, cardiac defibrillator, hip or knee arthroplasty) • Inflammation of the lymph nodes of the neck (cervical lymphadenitis), regional lymph node infection • Allergic (hypersensitivity) reaction (e.g. oedema of eyelids, cough) • Inner eye inflammation (chorioretinitis) • Conjunctivitis ("pinkeye"), uveitis (inflammation of the uvea of the eye) • Vascular fistula • Vomiting, intestinal fistula, inflammation of the peritoneum (peritonitis) • Infection of bone and bone marrow by bacteria (osteomyelitis) • Bone marrow infection • Psoas abscess (abscess of the muscle of the loin) • Inflammation of the testes (orchitis) or epididymis (epididymitis) resistant to antituberculous therapy • Infection of the glans penis • Swelling in your arms or legs Not known: frequency cannot be estimated from the available data • Inflammation of the blood vessels (possibly in the brain) • Genital disorders (e.g. vaginal pain) • Painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia) • Severe immunologic reaction with fever, enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes, jaundice and rash (haemophagocytic syndrome) pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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• • •
Renal failure, inflammation of the kidney tissue, chambers, pelvis (pyelonephritis, nephritis [including tubulointerstitial nephritis, interstitial nephritis and glomerulonephritis]) Absence or low level of sperm in semen (azoospermia, oligospermia) Elevation of Prostatic specific antigen (PSA, a prostate laboratory test)
Reporting of side effects If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme (Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard) or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store. By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.
5.
BCG-medac
Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children. Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the label and carton after EXP. Store in a refrigerator (2 °C – 8 °C). Do not freeze. Store in the original package in order to protect from light. After reconstitution the product should be used immediately.
6.
What BCG-medac contains The active ingredient is viable BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) bacteria (seed RIVM derived from seed 1173-P2). After reconstitution one vial contains: BCG seed RIVM derived from seed 1173-P2, viable units 2 x 108 to 1.5 x 109 The other ingredients of the powder are: polygeline, glucose anhydrous and polysorbate 80. The other ingredients of the solvent are: sodium chloride and water for injections. What BCG-medac looks like and contents of the pack BCG-medac consists of a white or almost white powder or porous cake with shades of yellow and grey and a colourless, clear solution used as solvent. There are packages of 1 or 3 or 5 or 6 vials with or without catheter(s) and Luer-Lock to conical connector(s). Not all pack sizes may be marketed. Marketing Authorisation Holder and Manufacturer medac Gesellschaft für klinische Spezialpräparate mbH Theaterstr. 6 22880 Wedel Germany Local representative: medac Pharma Scion House pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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Stirling University Innovation Park Stirling, FK9 4NF
This leaflet was last revised in 11/2024. ————————————————————————————————————————–The following information is intended for healthcare professionals only:
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Treatment of symptoms, signs and syndrome Symptoms, signs or syndrome 1. Symptoms of vesical irritation lasting less than 48 hours 2. Symptom of vesical irritation lasting more or equal to 48 hours
3. Concomitant bacterial infection of urinary tract 4. Other genitourinary undesirable effects: symptomatic granulomatous prostatitis, epididymitis and orchitis, urethral obstruction and renal abscess
5. Fever less than 38.5 °C lasting less than 48 hours 6. Cutaneous eruption, arthralgias or arthritis or Reiter`s syndrome
Treatment Symptomatic treatment Discontinue therapy with BCG-medac and start treatment with quinolones. If after 10 days no complete resolution is observed, administer isoniazid (INH)* for 3 months. In case of antituberculous treatment, therapy with BCG-medac should definitively be discontinued. Postpone BCG-medac therapy until the urinalysis is normalised and treatment with antibiotics is completed Discontinue therapy with BCG-medac. Consider a consultation with a specialist for infectious diseases. Administer isoniazid (INH)* and rifampicin*, for 3 to 6 months according to severity. In case of antituberculous treatment, therapy with BCG-medac should definitively be discontinued. Symptomatic treatment with paracetamol.
Discontinue therapy with BCG-medac. Consider a consultation with a specialist for infectious diseases. Administer antihistaminic or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Cortisone therapy should be considered in case of an immune-mediated reaction. If no response, administer isoniazid* for 3 months. In case of antituberculous treatment, therapy with BCG-medac should definitively be discontinued. 7. Systemic BCG reaction/infection** Definitely discontinue treatment with BCG-medac. Consider a without septic shock signs consultation with a specialist for infectious diseases. Administer a triple drug antituberculous therapy* for 6 months **see definition systemic BCG reaction and low dose corticosteroid therapy. 8. Systemic BCG reaction/infection Definitely discontinue treatment with BCG-medac. with septic shock signs Administer immediately a triple antituberculous therapy* combined with high-dose, quick-acting corticosteroids. Seek the opinion of a specialist for infectious diseases. *Caution: BCG bacteria are sensitive to all antituberculous medicinal products currently used, except for pyrazinamide. If a triple antituberculous therapy is necessary, the combination usually recommended is isoniazid (INH), rifampicin and ethambutol. Important information on the use of BCG-medac BCG-medac may only be used by experienced healthcare professionals. Ensure suitable storage (see section 5) and the integrity of the packaging. BCG-medac should be administered in the conditions required for intravesical endoscopy. BCG-medac must not be administered subcutaneously, intradermally, intramuscularly, intravenously or for vaccination against tuberculosis. The Luer-Lock catheter connector of the solvent bag may only be used for intravesical instillation! Basic principles and protective measures for the use of BCG-medac In general, direct contact with BCG-medac should be avoided. BCG-medac is a medicinal product that can cause infection in humans and pose a risk to healthcare professionals. A hazard may occur if the medicinal product is able to enter the body via injured skin, if aerosols are inhaled, droplets get into the eyes or come into contact with mucous membranes, or if ingested. Do not eat, drink or smoke in pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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the work areas and do not store any food, drinks or tobacco products here. BCG-medac must not be handled in a room in which cytotoxic medicinal products are being prepared for intravenous use, nor handled by personnel who are preparing cytotoxic medicinal products for intravenous use. The medicinal product must not be handled by persons with a known immunodeficiency. It is recommended that closed, splashproof protective gown, disposable gloves, an FFP2 respirator mask and safety goggles with side shields are worn as personal protective equipment during handling. BCG-medac may only be transported in closed containers (for storage conditions after reconstitution, see section 5). After finishing work, wipe down the work surfaces with suitable disinfectant solution. After working and in the case of contact with skin, disinfect your hands using hand disinfectant, allow them to dry, wash them and use skin care products. Tuberculin cutaneous tests The intravesical treatment with BCG-medac could induce sensitivity to tuberculin and complicate subsequent interpretation of tuberculin cutaneous tests for mycobacterial infection diagnosis. Therefore, reactivity to tuberculin should be measured before administration of BCG-medac. Preparation of the reconstituted intravesical suspension Before use, the medicinal product must be resuspended under aseptic conditions using sterile 0.9% (9 mg/ml) sodium chloride solution (see instructions for use, step 7). The catheter should be placed with special care to avoid injuries to the urethral and urinary bladder epithelium, which can lead to systemic BCG infection. Use of a lubricant is recommended to minimise the risk of traumatic catheterisation and to make the procedure more comfortable. Women might need less lubricant than men. It has not been observed that a possible antiseptic effect of the lubricant may influence the efficacy of the product. Drain the bladder after catheterisation to reduce the amount of lubricant potentially introduced before you administer BCG-medac. The suspension is mixed by gently swirling before use. Macroscopically visible particles have no influence on the efficacy and safety of the medicinal product. The contents of the vial are intended for single use/single dose only. Any remaining suspension must be disposed of. Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements. Behaviour in the event of emergencies and spillage of BCG-medac Wear protective clothing and avoid stirring up dust. Cover the spilled BCG-medac suspension with cellulose and moisten it with a disinfectant that is proven to be effective against mycobacteria. After wiping up the spilled BCG-medac suspension, clean the surface again with disinfectant solution and allow it to dry. Spillage on the skin should be treated using a suitable disinfectant. First aid Always consult a doctor in case of contamination. In case of contact with the skin: remove contaminated clothing. Disinfect and clean the skin and check for contamination of wounds. In case of contact with the eyes: rinse the affected eye with sufficient eyewash solution or, alternatively, with water. Remove contact lenses if applicable. In case of ingestion: rinse mouth with plenty of water. In case of inhalation: ensure a sufficient supply of fresh air. For further information regarding the catheter please see the corresponding instructions for use.
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Instructions for users of BCG-medac Constituents and application of the instillation set <with catheter, without Luer-Lock to conical connector> Main constituents of the instillation set
Main constituent A B C C1 C2 C3 C4 D D1 E
Description Vial with powder Protective cover Solvent bag with 0.9% (9 mg/ml) sodium chloride solution Vial connector with protective cap and break-open seal Luer-Lock catheter connector with protective cap and break-open seal Pressure clamp Filling port without application function Luer-Lock catheter Lubricant Disposal bag
Connecting the vial to the solvent bag 1.
Lay out the disposal bag (E) ready for direct disposal of the set after instillation to prevent contamination.
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2.
Remove the flip-off cap from the vial (A) and disinfect the stopper according to local regulations.
3.
Tear open the protective cover (B) of the solvent bag (C) and remove the protective cover completely.
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4.
Remove the protective cap from the vial connector (C1).
5.
Push the connector onto the vial up to the stop.
Mixing the powder with the solvent 6.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the vial connector (C1) up and down multiple times to break the seal.
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7.
Hold the solvent bag so that the vial is below it. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times to transfer enough solvent into the vial. Make sure that the vial is not filled completely to allow for the subsequent transfer of the suspension into the solvent bag. Some solvent may remain inside the bag. Swirl the vial slowly to minimise heavy foaming while mixing the medicinal product with the solvent. If there is a lot of foam, leave the vial to rest briefly (a few minutes). The contents of the vial have to form a homogeneous suspension. This may take a few minutes.
8.
Turn the solvent bag upside down and hold it so that the vial is above it.
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Hold the vial. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times until the vial is completely empty. If any powder remains inside the vial, repeat steps 7 and 8. From a microbiological point of view the medicinal product should be used immediately. If the medicinal product is not used immediately, please see section 5 "How to store BCG-medac". The suspension should not be instilled at refrigerator temperature in order to prevent the patient from feeling the need to urinate resulting in a shortened exposure time.
Catheterisation 9.
Catheterise the patient according to local regulations and the instructions for use using the enclosed Luer-Lock catheter (D) and lubricant (D1) or another suitable catheter and/or lubricant. Empty the urinary bladder using the catheter.
Connecting the catheter to the solvent bag 10.
To mix any sediments, rotate and swirl the bag before connecting it. Do not administer the suspension at refrigerator temperature. Remove the protective cap from the catheter connector (C2). Connect the patient's Luer-Lock catheter (D) with the catheter connector (C2) of the solvent bag.
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Instillation 11.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the catheter connector (C2) up and down multiple times to break the seal. Hold the patient's catheter steady while doing so.
12.
Hold the solvent bag with the vial upside down above the bag. Squeeze the solvent bag gently with the other hand so that the medicinal product is slowly instilled into the patient's urinary bladder. Continue to squeeze until the solvent bag and the vial are empty.
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13.
Squeeze the remaining air out of the solvent bag to empty the catheter as much as possible.
After instillation 14.
Closing the pressure clamp (C3) prevents a reflux of fluid into the catheter and minimises the risk of contamination. Alternatively, you can keep the solvent bag compressed while performing steps 15 and 16.
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15.
Remove the catheter carefully from the bladder without disconnecting the solvent bag from the catheter. Avoid contamination from splashing droplets.
16.
Dispose of the product according to national regulations using the disposal bag. The contents of the vial are intended for single use/single dose only. Any remaining suspension must be disposed of.
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Instructions for users of BCG-medac Constituents and application of the instillation set <with catheter and Luer-Lock to conical connector> Main constituents of the instillation set
Main constituent A B C C1 C2 C3 C4 D D1 E F
Description Vial with powder Protective cover Solvent bag with 0.9% (9 mg/ml) sodium chloride solution Vial connector with protective cap and break-open seal Luer-Lock catheter connector with protective cap and break-open seal Pressure clamp Filling port without application function Luer-Lock catheter Lubricant Disposal bag Luer-Lock to conical connector
Connecting the vial to the solvent bag 1.
Lay out the disposal bag (E) ready for direct disposal of the set after instillation to prevent contamination.
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2.
Remove the flip-off cap from the vial (A) and disinfect the stopper according to local regulations.
3.
Tear open the protective cover (B) of the solvent bag (C) and remove the protective cover completely.
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4.
Remove the protective cap from the vial connector (C1).
5.
Push the connector onto the vial up to the stop.
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Mixing the powder with the solvent 6.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the vial connector (C1) up and down multiple times to break the seal.
7.
Hold the solvent bag so that the vial is below it.
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Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times to transfer enough solvent into the vial. Make sure that the vial is not filled completely to allow for the subsequent transfer of the suspension into the solvent bag. Some solvent may remain inside the bag. Swirl the vial slowly to minimise heavy foaming while mixing the medicinal product with the solvent. If there is a lot of foam, leave the vial to rest briefly (a few minutes). The contents of the vial have to form a homogeneous suspension. This may take a few minutes.
8.
Turn the solvent bag upside down and hold it so that the vial is above it. Hold the vial. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times until the vial is completely empty. If any powder remains inside the vial, repeat steps 7 and 8. From a microbiological point of view the medicinal product should be used immediately. If the medicinal product is not used immediately, please see section 5 "How to store BCG-medac". The suspension should not be instilled at refrigerator temperature in order to prevent the patient from feeling the need to urinate resulting in a shortened exposure time.
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Catheterisation 9.
Catheterise the patient according to local regulations and the instructions for use using the enclosed Luer-Lock catheter (D) and lubricant (D1) or another suitable catheter and/or lubricant. Empty the urinary bladder using the catheter. Note for use with self-selected catheter with conical connector: The enclosed Luer-Lock to conical connector (F) must be used to connect the bag to the selfselected catheter (not shown). To do this, the following additional steps must be carried out:
Connecting the catheter to the solvent bag 10.
To mix any sediments, rotate and swirl the bag before connecting it. Do not administer the suspension at refrigerator temperature. Remove the protective cap from the catheter connector (C2). Connect the patient's Luer-Lock catheter (D) with the catheter connector (C2) of the solvent bag.
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Instillation 11.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the catheter connector (C2) up and down multiple times to break the seal. Hold the patient's catheter steady while doing so.
12.
Hold the solvent bag with the vial upside down above the bag. Squeeze the solvent bag gently with the other hand so that the medicinal product is slowly instilled into the patient's urinary bladder. Continue to squeeze until the solvent bag and the vial are empty.
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13.
Squeeze the remaining air out of the solvent bag to empty the catheter as much as possible.
After instillation 14.
Closing the pressure clamp (C3) prevents a reflux of fluid into the catheter and minimises the risk of contamination. Alternatively, you can keep the solvent bag compressed while performing steps 15 and 16.
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15.
Remove the catheter carefully from the bladder without disconnecting the solvent bag from the catheter. Avoid contamination from splashing droplets.
16.
Dispose of the product according to national regulations using the disposal bag. The contents of the vial are intended for single use/single dose only. Any remaining suspension must be disposed of.
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Instructions for users of BCG-medac Constituents and application of the instillation set <without catheter, without Luer-Lock to conical connector> Main constituents of the instillation set
Main constituent A B C C1 C2 C3 C4 E
Description Vial with powder Protective cover Solvent bag with 0.9% (9 mg/ml) sodium chloride solution Vial connector with protective cap and break-open seal Luer-Lock catheter connector with protective cap and break-open seal Pressure clamp Filling port without application function Disposal bag
Connecting the vial to the solvent bag 1.
Lay out the disposal bag (E) ready for direct disposal of the set after instillation to prevent contamination.
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2.
Remove the flip-off cap from the vial (A) and disinfect the stopper according to local regulations.
3.
Tear open the protective cover (B) of the solvent bag (C) and remove the protective cover completely.
4.
Remove the protective cap from the vial connector (C1).
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5.
Push the connector onto the vial up to the stop.
Mixing the powder with the solvent 6.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the vial connector (C1) up and down multiple times to break the seal.
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7.
Hold the solvent bag so that the vial is below it. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times to transfer enough solvent into the vial. Make sure that the vial is not filled completely to allow for the subsequent transfer of the suspension into the solvent bag. Some solvent may remain inside the bag. Swirl the vial slowly to minimise heavy foaming while mixing the medicinal product with the solvent. If there is a lot of foam, leave the vial to rest briefly (a few minutes). The contents of the vial have to form a homogeneous suspension. This may take a few minutes.
8.
Turn the solvent bag upside down and hold it so that the vial is above it.
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Hold the vial. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times until the vial is completely empty. If any powder remains inside the vial, repeat steps 7 and 8. From a microbiological point of view the medicinal product should be used immediately. If the medicinal product is not used immediately, please see section 5 "How to store BCG-medac". The suspension should not be instilled at refrigerator temperature in order to prevent the patient from feeling the need to urinate resulting in a shortened exposure time.
Catheterisation 9.
Catheterise the patient according to local regulations and the instructions for use using a suitable catheter and lubricant. Empty the urinary bladder using the catheter.
Connecting the catheter to the solvent bag 10.
To mix any sediments, rotate and swirl the bag before connecting it. Do not administer the suspension at refrigerator temperature. Remove the protective cap from the catheter connector (C2). Connect the patient's catheter with the catheter connector (C2) of the solvent bag.
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Instillation 11.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the catheter connector (C2) up and down multiple times to break the seal. Hold the patient's catheter steady while doing so.
12.
Hold the solvent bag with the vial upside down above the bag. Squeeze the solvent bag gently with the other hand so that the medicinal product is slowly instilled into the patient's urinary bladder.
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Continue to squeeze until the solvent bag and the vial are empty.
13.
Squeeze the remaining air out of the solvent bag to empty the catheter as much as possible.
After instillation 14.
Closing the pressure clamp (C3) prevents a reflux of fluid into the catheter and minimises the risk of contamination. Alternatively, you can keep the solvent bag compressed while performing steps 15 and 16.
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15.
Remove the catheter carefully from the bladder without disconnecting the solvent bag from the catheter. Avoid contamination from splashing droplets.
16.
Dispose of the product according to national regulations using the disposal bag. The contents of the vial are intended for single use/single dose only. Any remaining suspension must be disposed of.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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Instructions for users of BCG-medac Constituents and application of the instillation set <without catheter, with Luer-Lock to conical connector> Main constituents of the instillation set
Main constituent A B C C1 C2 C3 C4 E F
Description Vial with powder Protective cover Solvent bag with 0.9% (9 mg/ml) sodium chloride solution Vial connector with protective cap and break-open seal Luer-Lock catheter connector with protective cap and break-open seal Pressure clamp Filling port without application function Disposal bag Luer-Lock to conical connector
Connecting the vial to the solvent bag 1.
Lay out the disposal bag (E) ready for direct disposal of the set after instillation to prevent contamination.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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2.
Remove the flip-off cap from the vial (A) and disinfect the stopper according to local regulations.
3.
Tear open the protective cover (B) of the solvent bag (C) and remove the protective cover completely.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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4.
Remove the protective cap from the vial connector (C1).
5.
Push the connector onto the vial up to the stop.
Mixing the powder with the solvent 6.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the vial connector (C1) up and down multiple times to break the seal.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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7.
Hold the solvent bag so that the vial is below it. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times to transfer enough solvent into the vial. Make sure that the vial is not filled completely to allow for the subsequent transfer of the suspension into the solvent bag. Some solvent may remain inside the bag. Swirl the vial slowly to minimise heavy foaming while mixing the medicinal product with the solvent. If there is a lot of foam, leave the vial to rest briefly (a few minutes). The contents of the vial have to form a homogeneous suspension. This may take a few minutes.
8.
Turn the solvent bag upside down and hold it so that the vial is above it.
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Hold the vial. Squeeze the solvent bag multiple times until the vial is completely empty. If any powder remains inside the vial, repeat steps 7 and 8. From a microbiological point of view the medicinal product should be used immediately. If the medicinal product is not used immediately, please see section 5 "How to store BCG-medac". The suspension should not be instilled at refrigerator temperature in order to prevent the patient from feeling the need to urinate resulting in a shortened exposure time.
Catheterisation 9.
Catheterise the patient according to local regulations and the instructions for use using a suitable catheter and lubricant. Empty the urinary bladder using the catheter. This pack does not contain a catheter. Use the enclosed connector (F) to connect the bag to the patient's catheter with a conical connector (not shown). To do this, the following additional steps must be carried out:
Connecting the catheter to the solvent bag pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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10.
To mix any sediments, rotate and swirl the bag before connecting it. Do not administer the suspension at refrigerator temperature. Remove the protective cap from the catheter connector (C2). Connect the patient's catheter with the catheter connector (C2) of the solvent bag.
Instillation 11.
Bend the break-open seal inside the tube of the catheter connector (C2) up and down multiple times to break the seal. Hold the patient's catheter steady while doing so.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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12.
Hold the solvent bag with the vial upside down above the bag. Squeeze the solvent bag gently with the other hand so that the medicinal product is slowly instilled into the patient's urinary bladder. Continue to squeeze until the solvent bag and the vial are empty.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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13.
Squeeze the remaining air out of the solvent bag to empty the catheter as much as possible.
After instillation 14.
Closing the pressure clamp (C3) prevents a reflux of fluid into the catheter and minimises the risk of contamination. Alternatively, you can keep the solvent bag compressed while performing steps 15 and 16.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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15.
Remove the catheter carefully from the bladder without disconnecting the solvent bag from the catheter. Avoid contamination from splashing droplets.
16.
Dispose of the product according to national regulations using the disposal bag. The contents of the vial are intended for single use/single dose only. Any remaining suspension must be disposed of.
pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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pal (UK) BCG-medac 2 x 108 – 1.5 x 109 cfu Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension UK National version: 11/2024 <not-for-print>
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BCG-medac Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension comes as oral solution. Always follow the dose your doctor or pharmacist has given you, and read the leaflet that comes with the medicine.
The active substance in BCG-medac Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension is bacillus calmette-guerin.
This leaflet reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for BCG-medac Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension, as published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). The version printed inside your medicine’s packaging is the one that applies to you.
Whether a medicine is available over the counter or on prescription only depends on its licence. Check the leaflet, or ask your pharmacist — they can tell you straight away.
The text above reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for this medicine, restructured for easier reading.
BCG-medac is indicated for:
• the treatment of primary or concurrent carcinoma-in-situ of the urinary bladder
• the prevention of recurrence of high-risk non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma (pTaG3, pT1G2, pT1G3) after transurethral resection
• the treatment and/or the prevention of recurrence of aggressive variants of urothelial carcinoma, for example micropapillary or nested variants.
BCG-medac must be administered by healthcare professionals experienced in this therapy.
BCG-medac is intended for intravesical use following reconstitution.
For instructions on preparation of the BCG-medac suspension before administration, see section 6.6.
Posology
Adults and the elderly
The content of one vial, resuspended as indicated, is required for one instillation into the urinary bladder.
Induction therapy
BCG therapy should begin about 2 – 3 weeks after transurethral resection (TUR) or bladder biopsy. Treatment should not be started until mucosal lesions after TUR have healed. Treatment should also be delayed in cases of gross haematuria or major bladder irritability. Care should be taken to avoid traumatic catheterisation for BCG therapy.
Induction is weekly instillation of BCG-medac for 6 weeks. This should be followed by maintenance therapy, described below.
Maintenance therapy
Maintenance treatment consists of 3 instillations at weekly intervals given at months 3, 6, 12 after initiation of treatment. Maintenance treatment could continue at 6-monthly intervals for up to 3 years, if appropriate.
Although maintenance therapy reduces recurrence and may reduce progression, the adverse reactions and discomfort of the treatment may outweigh the benefits for some patients. Thus, benefit-risk assessment and consideration of patient preferences is important before beginning or continuing maintenance treatment. The need for maintenance treatment every 6 months beyond the first year of treatment should further be evaluated on the basis of tumour classification and clinical response.
Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy of BCG-medac in children have not been established. No data are available.
Method of administration
The patient should not drink any fluid for a period of 4 hours before the instillation until 2 hours after instillation.
A urethral catheter is inserted into the bladder under aseptic conditions. A sufficient quantity of lubricant should be used to reduce the chance of traumatising the urinary mucosa and therefore the risk of severe complications and also to reduce discomfort for the patient. The bladder must be emptied before BCG instillation.
BCG-medac is instilled into the bladder via the urethra by means of a catheter at low pressure. The instilled BCG-medac suspension should remain in the bladder for a period of 2 hours. During this period the suspension should have sufficient contact with the entire mucosal surface of the bladder, therefore, the patient should be mobilised as much as possible or, in case of a bed-ridden patient, should be turned over from back to abdomen and vice versa every 15 minutes. After 2 hours, the patient should void the instilled suspension in a sitting position.
Urine should be voided in a sitting position for 6 hours after treatment and two cups of household bleach should be added to the toilet before flushing. The bleach and urine should be left to stand in the toilet for 15 minutes before flushing.
For the 48 hours following each instillation, advise patients to drink more water than usual to achieve hyper-hydration, if possible.
Patients treated with BCG-medac should be given the package leaflet and the patient alert card.
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
BCG-medac should not be used in immunosuppressed patients with congenital or acquired immune deficiencies, whether due to concurrent disease (e.g., positive HIV serology, leukaemia, lymphoma), cancer therapy (e.g., cytostatic medicinal products, radiation) or immunosuppressive therapy (e.g., corticosteroids).
BCG-medac should not be administered to patients with active tuberculosis or on anti-tuberculosis drugs. The risk of active tuberculosis must be ruled out from the medical history and, if indicated, by diagnostic tests according to local guidelines.
Past history of radiotherapy to the bladder.
Treatment with BCG-medac is contraindicated in women during lactation and pregnancy (see section 4.6).
BCG-medac must not be instilled before 2 to 3 weeks after a TUR, a bladder biopsy or a traumatic catheterisation.
Perforation of the bladder which might result in increased risk of severe systemic infections (see section 4.4).
Acute urinary tract infection (see section 4.4). Asymptomatic, isolated leukocyturia and asymptomatic bacteriuria are not contraindications for intravesical therapy with BCG-medac, and antibiotic prophylaxis is not necessary.
BCG-medac must not be used subcutaneously, intradermally, intramuscularly or intravenously or for vaccination.
Handling precautions
BCG-medac should not be handled either in the same room or by the same personnel preparing cytotoxic medicinal products for intravenous administration. BCG-medac should not be handled by a person with immunodeficiency. Contact of BCG-medac with skin and mucosa should be avoided. Contamination can lead to hypersensitivity reaction or infection of the concerned area.
Spillage of BCG-medac
Spillage of BCG-medac suspension should be treated with a disinfectant with proven activity against mycobacteria, such as household bleach. Spillage on the skin should be treated with an appropriate disinfectant.
General hygiene for the patient
It is recommended to wash hands and genital area after micturition. This applies especially to the first micturitions following BCG instillation. If skin lesions are contaminated, the use of an appropriate disinfectant is recommended.
Tuberculin cutaneous tests
Cutaneous tests
The intravesical treatment with BCG-medac could induce sensitivity to tuberculin and complicate subsequent interpretation of tuberculin cutaneous tests for mycobacterial infection diagnosis. Therefore, a Tuberculin test (PPD) should be performed before administration of BCG-medac.
Detection of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
Physicians should be aware that detection of BCG bacteria from a biopsy is difficult and negative test results do not rule out a systemic infection. In several cases BCG detection was not successful even though the patient experienced a systemic infection. The available methods (microscopy, PCR and/or cultures and/or a detection of tuberculosis-compatible histology) are not reliable.
Severe systemic BCG infections/reactions
Traumatic instillation could promote BCG-septicaemic events with possible septic shock and a life- threatening situation. For treatment options see section 4.8.
Urinary tract infection should be excluded before each bladder instillation of BCG (bladder mucous membrane inflammation may increase the risk of haematological dissemination of BCG). If a urinary tract infection is diagnosed during BCG therapy, the therapy should be interrupted until the urinalysis is normalised and treatment with antibiotics is completed.
The possibility of severe systemic BCG-infections with the necessity of anti-tuberculosis therapy has to be considered before starting the BCG therapy, especially in elderly patients (see Elderly patients) and patients with hepatic impairment.
Severe systemic BCG infections/reactions have been reported in less than 5 %. For signs and symptoms please refer to section 4.8.
If a systemic BCG infection is suspected, a physician specialised in infectious diseases should be consulted. BCG-infection can be potentially fatal. For further information please refer to section 4.8.
Reiter's syndrome presents as a mainly immuno-mediated reaction, which is not necessarily caused by disseminated BCG but could also be triggered by BCG localised in the urinary tract system.
Fever or gross haematuria
Treatment should be postponed until resolution of concurrent fever or gross haematuria.
Low bladder capacity
The risk of bladder contracture may increase in patients with low bladder capacity.
HLA-B27
Patients with positive HLA-B27 could have an increase of the occurrence of reactive arthritis or Reiter's syndrome.
Flare-up of latent BCG infection (including delayed diagnosis)
There have been single case reports in which BCG bacteria persisted in the body for several years. Latent tuberculosis infections might flare-up years after the initial infection, arising especially from granulomatous pneumonitis, abscesses, infected aneurysms, infection of an implant, graft or the surrounding tissue.
The patient has to be made aware of the possibility of late flare-up of latent BCG-infections and educated regarding the actions if symptoms like fever and weight loss of unknown origin occur.
Please note that a patient alert card with focus on this topic is available in the packaging and must be handed over to the patient.
In case of suspicion of a flare-up of latent tuberculosis, a physician specialised in infectious diseases should be consulted.
Elderly patients
BCG administration in elderly patients is not contraindicated. However, the risk of a systemic BCG infection/reaction should be considered before the first administration is performed. Elderly patients may suffer from renal or hepatic impairment which could have an influence on the treatment with anti-tuberculosis medicinal products in case of severe systemic BCG infection/reaction. Caution should also be exercised in elderly patients with reduced general condition.
Patients with contact to immunosuppressed persons
Patients treated with BCG-medac should employ adequate hygienic measures if in contact with immunosuppressed patients. Mycobacterium bovis is less pathogenic than Mycobacterium tuberculosis and man-to-man transmission has not been reported yet, but it cannot be excluded especially in immunosuppressed patients.
Sexual transmission
Sexual transmission of BCG has not been reported yet, but it is recommended to refrain from intercourse or use a condom for one week after BCG therapy.
Traceability
In order to improve the traceability of biological medicinal products, the name and the batch number of the administered product should be clearly recorded.
BCG-medac is sensitive to most antibiotics and in particular to anti-tuberculosis medicinal products (e.g., ethambutol, streptomycin, p-aminosalicylic acid [PAS], isoniazid [INH] and rifampicin). Resistance against pyrazinamide and cycloserine has been described.
During intravesical BCG instillation therapy, simultaneous administration of anti-tuberculosis agents and antibiotics like fluoroquinolones, doxycycline or gentamicin should be avoided due to sensitivity of BCG to those medicinal products. If a patient is being treated with an antibiotic, it is recommended to postpone the intravesical instillation until the end of the antibiotic-treatment (see also "Contraindications").
Pregnancy
There are no or limited amount of data from the use of BCG in pregnant women. Reproductive animal studies were not performed. BCG-medac is not recommended during pregnancy.
Breast-feeding
There is insufficient information on the excretion of BCG/metabolites in human milk. BCG-medac is contraindicated during breast-feeding (see section 4.3).
Fertility
Intravesical BCG therapy was found to adversely affect spermatogenesis and might cause oligospermia or azoospermia. Animal studies are insufficient with respect to reproductive toxicity. However, men should seek advice about the possibility of sperm preservation before starting therapy.
Local or systemic symptoms during therapy with BCG-medac could affect the ability to drive or operate machines.
Undesirable effects are listed below by system organ class and frequency. Frequencies below are defined as: Very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10), uncommon (≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100), rare (≥ 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000), very rare (< 1/10,000) or not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
Within each frequency grouping, undesirable effects are presented in order of decreasing seriousness.
System organ class
Frequency and undesirable effects
Infections and infestations
Very common
Cystitis and inflammatory reactions (granuloma) of the bladder, asymptomatic granulomatous prostatitis
Uncommon
Urinary tract infection, orchitis, epididymitis, symptomatic granulomatous prostatitis, severe systemic BCG reaction/infection, BCG sepsis, miliary pneumonitis, skin abscess, Reiter's syndrome (conjunctivitis, asymmetrical oligoarthritis and cystitis)
Rare
Vascular infection (e.g. infected aneurysm), renal abscess
Very rare
BCG infection of implants and surrounding tissue (e.g. aortic graft infection, cardiac defibrillator, hip or knee arthro-plasty), regional lymph node infection, osteomyelitis, bone marrow infection, peritonitis, psoas abscess, infection of the glans penis, orchitis or epididymitis resistant to anti-tuberculosis therapy
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Uncommon
Cytopenia, anaemia
Very rare
Cervical lymphadenitis
Not known
Haemophagocytic syndrome
Immune system disorders
Very common
Transient systemic BCG reaction (fever < 38.5 °C, flu-like symptoms including malaise, fever, chills, general discomfort, myalgia)
Very rare
Hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., oedema of eyelids, cough)
Eye disorders
Very rare
Chorioretinitis, conjunctivitis, uveitis
Vascular disorders
Uncommon
Hypotension
Very rare
Vascular fistula
Not known
Vasculitis (including vasculitis of the central nervous system)
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Uncommon
Pulmonary granuloma
Gastrointestinal disorders
Very common
Nausea
Common
Diarrhoea, abdominal pain
Very rare
Vomiting, intestinal fistula
Hepatobiliary disorders
Uncommon
Hepatitis
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Uncommon
Skin rash
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Common
Myalgia
Uncommon
Arthritis, arthralgia
Renal and urinary disorders
Very common
Frequent urination with discomfort and pain
Common
Urinary incontinence
Uncommon
Macroscopic haematuria, bladder retention, urinary tract obstruction, contracted bladder
Not known
Renal failure, pyelonephritis, nephritis (including tubulointerstitial nephritis, interstitial nephritis and glomerulonephritis)
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Not known
Genital disorders (e.g., vaginal pain, dyspareunia), oligospermia, azoospermia
General disorders and administration site conditions
Very common
Fatigue
Common
Fever > 38.5 °C
Very rare
Peripheral Oedema
Investigations
Uncommon
Hepatic enzyme increased
Not known
Prostatic specific antigen (PSA) increased
Adverse reactions of BCG treatment are frequent but generally mild and transient. Adverse reactions usually increase with the number of BCG instillations.
In common cases myalgia and in uncommon cases, arthritis/arthralgias and skin rash may occur. In most cases of arthritis, arthralgias and skin rash, these can be attributed to hypersensitivity reactions of the patient to BCG. It may be necessary in some cases to discontinue the administration of BCG-medac.
Local adverse reactions
Discomfort and pain when urinating and frequent urination occur in up to 90 % of patients. The cystitis and inflammatory reaction (granulomata) may be an essential part of the anti-tumour activity. Other observed local adverse reactions are macroscopic haematuria, urinary tract infection, bladder retraction, urinary obstruction, bladder contracture, symptomatic granulomatous prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis. Renal abscess is rarely observed. Furthermore, genital disorders (e.g., vaginal pain, dyspareunia) may occur with an unknown frequency.
Transient systemic BCG reaction
Low grade fever, flu-like symptoms and general discomfort may occur. These symptoms usually subside within 24 – 48 hours and should be managed by standard symptomatic treatment. These reactions are signs of a starting immune reaction. All patients receiving the medicinal product should be carefully monitored and advised to report all incidences of fever and other events outside the urinary tract.
Severe systemic adverse reactions/infections
Distinguishing a BCG infection from a BCG immune reaction poses a challenge, as the symptoms are very similar at the beginning. In contrast to this, a transient systemic BCG reaction is a very common adverse reaction that must be differentiated.
The clinical signs and symptoms of a BCG infection/reaction at the beginning are fever > 39.5 °C during at least 12 hours, fever > 38.5 °C during at least 48 hours and worsening of general condition.
Typical signs of an infection are the development of miliary pneumonia, granulomatous hepatitis, liver function test abnormalities (especially an elevation in alkaline phosphatase), organic dysfunction (other than genito-urinary tract) with granulomatous inflammation at biopsy over time.
If a systemic BCG infection is suspected, a physician specialised in infectious diseases should be consulted. BCG infection can be potentially fatal.
Although the symptoms of a systemic BCG infection do not differ from tuberculosis, the patient does not need to be isolated, because Mycobacterium bovis is less pathogenic for humans than Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
In case of flare-up of a latent infection the patients usually present with symptoms of fever and weight loss of unknown origin. Several case reports show that the diagnosis is challenging as the symptoms vary and a causal relationship with BCG infection is not suspected by physicians.
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important for the outcome, especially in elderly or debilitated patients, to avoid fatal consequences.
A physician specialised in infectious diseases should be consulted.
The additional use of corticosteroids is recommended in case of sepsis, granulomatous reactions (e.g. lung or liver) and other immune-mediated reactions.
Treatment recommendations see table below.
Treatment of symptoms, signs and syndrome
Symptoms, signs or syndrome
Treatment
1) Symptoms of vesical irritation lasting less than 48 hours
Symptomatic treatment
2) Symptoms of vesical irritation lasting more or equal to 48 hours
Discontinue therapy with BCG-medac and start treatment with quinolones. If after 10 days no complete resolution is observed, administer isoniazid (INH)* for 3 months.
In case of anti-tuberculosis treatment, therapy with BCG-medac should definitively be discontinued.
3) Concomitant bacterial infection of urinary tract
Postpone BCG-medac therapy until the urinalysis is normalised and treatment with antibiotics is completed.
4) Other genitourinary undesirable effects: symptomatic granulomatous prostatitis, epididymitis and orchitis, urethral obstruction and renal abscess
Discontinue therapy with BCG-medac.
Administer isoniazid (INH)* and rifampicin* for 3 to 6 months according to severity.
In case of anti-tuberculosis treatment, therapy with BCG-medac should definitively be discontinued.
5) Fever less than 38.5 °C lasting less than 48 hours
Symptomatic treatment with paracetamol.
6) Cutaneous eruption, arthralgias or arthritis or Reiter's syndrome
Discontinue therapy with BCG-medac.
Consider a consultation with a specialist for infectious diseases.
Administer antihistaminic or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Cortisone therapy should be considered in case of immune-mediated reactions. If no response, administer isoniazid* for 3 months.
In case of anti-tuberculosis treatment, therapy with BCG-medac should definitively be discontinued.
7) Systemic BCG reaction/infection** without septic shock signs
** see definition systemic BCG reaction/infection section 4.4
Definitely discontinue therapy with BCG-medac.
Consider a consultation with a specialist for infectious diseases.
Administer a triple-drug anti-tuberculosis therapy* for 6 months and low dose corticosteroid therapy.
8) Systemic BCG reaction/infection with septic shock signs
Definitely discontinue treatment with BCG-medac. Administer immediately a triple anti-tuberculosis therapy* combined with high-dose, quick-acting corticosteroids.
Seek the opinion of a specialist for infectious diseases.
*Caution: BCG bacteria are sensitive to all anti-tuberculosis medicinal products currently used, except for pyrazinamide and cycloserine. If a triple anti-tuberculosis therapy is necessary, the combination usually recommended is isoniazid (INH), rifampicin and ethambutol.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
Overdose is unlikely to occur as one vial of BCG-medac corresponds to one dose.
There are no data indicating that an overdose may lead to any other symptoms than the described undesirable effects (see section 4.8).
Medicines sold in Poland with the same active substance: W Polsce znany jako
⚠ Same active substance, but a different pharmaceutical form (for example a gel instead of a tablet). Not interchangeable — ask a pharmacist.
Same active substance. The strength, the form and whether you need a prescription can differ. Always ask a pharmacist before you switch. Polish medicines in the UK →
Ask anything about BCG-medac Powder and solvent for intravesical suspension. The assistant answers only from this leaflet — if the leaflet does not cover it, it will say so. It does not give medical advice.
Answers come from the patient leaflet published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). They are not medical advice. Ask a pharmacist or your GP if you are unsure. For urgent help call NHS 111, or 999 in an emergency.
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