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Pharmacy Guide

Patient leaflets and SmPCs, drug interaction checker, official dosages and NHS pharmacy opening hours — all in one place.

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Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial

⚠ This medicine appears to have been discontinued

The electronic medicines compendium (emc) no longer publishes a Summary of Product Characteristics for this product, which usually means it is no longer marketed in the UK. The patient leaflet below is kept for reference, but the product may not be available.

If you were prescribed this medicine, other products containing Insulin lispro may still be available. Do not stop your treatment — ask your pharmacist or GP what to use instead.

Active substance: Insulin lispro

Source: electronic medicines compendium (emc)
Official leaflet: Read the PIL on emc

What it is and what it is used for

for Admelog is used to treat diabetes. It works more quickly than normal human insulin because the insulin molecule has been changed slightly. You get diabetes if your pancreas does not make enough insulin to control the level of glucose in your blood. Admelog is a substitute for your own insulin and is used to control glucose in the long term. It works very quickly and lasts a shorter time than soluble insulin (2 to 5 hours). You should normally use Admelog within 15 minutes of a meal. Your doctor may tell you to use Admelog as well as a longer-acting insulin. Each kind of insulin comes with another patient information leaflet to tell you about it. Do not change your insulin unless your doctor tells you to. Be very careful if you do change insulin.

Warnings and precautions Record the brand name ("Admelog") and Lot number (included on the outer cartons and labels of each vial) of the product you are using and provide this information when reporting any side effects. Skin changes at the injection site The injection site should be rotated to prevent skin changes such as lumps under the skin. The insulin may not work very well if you inject into a lumpy area (see "How to use Admelog"). Contact your doctor if you are currently injecting into a lumpy area before you start injecting in a different area. Your doctor may tell you to check your blood sugar more closely, and to adjust your insulin or your other antidiabetic medications dose. Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse before using Admelog:

  • If your blood sugar levels are well controlled by your current insulin therapy, you may not feel the warning symptoms when your blood sugar is falling too low. Warning signs are listed later in this leaflet. You must think carefully about when to have your meals, how often to exercise and how much to do. You must also keep a close watch on your blood sugar levels by testing your blood glucose often.
  • A few people who have had hypoglycaemia after switching from animal insulin to human insulin have reported that the early warning symptoms were less obvious or different. If you often have hypoglycaemia or have difficulty recognising it, please discuss this with your doctor.
  • If you answer YES to any of the following questions, tell your doctor, pharmacist or diabetes nurse
  • Have you recently become ill?
  • Do you have trouble with your kidneys or liver?
  • Are you exercising more than usual?
  • You should also tell your doctor, pharmacist or diabetes nurse if you are planning to go abroad. The time difference between countries may mean that you have to have your injections and meals at different times from when you are at home.
  • Some patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart disease or previous stroke who were treated with pioglitazone and insulin experienced the development of heart failure. Inform your doctor as soon as possible, if you experience signs of heart failure such as unusual shortness of breath or rapid increase in weight or localised swelling (oedema).

How to take it

Admelog Always check the pack and the vial label for the name and type of the insulin when you get it from your pharmacy. Make sure you get the Admelog that your doctor has told you to use.

Other medicines and Admelog Your insulin needs may change if you are taking

  • the contraceptive pill,
  • steroids,
  • thyroid hormone replacement therapy,
  • oral hypoglycaemics,
  • acetyl salicylic acid,
  • sulpha antibiotics,
  • octreotide,
  • "beta2 stimulants" (for example ritodrine, salbutamol or terbutaline),
  • beta-blockers, or
  • some antidepressants (monoamine oxidase inhibitors or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors),
  • danazol,
  • some angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (for example captopril, enalapril), and
  • angiotensin II receptor blockers.

Dose • You should normally inject Admelog within 15 minutes of a meal. If you need to, you can inject soon after a meal. But your doctor will have told you exactly how much to use, when to use it, and how often. These instructions are only for you. Follow them exactly and visit your diabetes clinic regularly.

  • If you change the type of insulin you use (for example from a human or animal insulin to an Admelog product), you may have to use more or less than before. This might just be for the first injection or it may be a gradual change over several weeks or months.
  • Inject Admelog under the skin (subcutaneous use or "SC"). You should only inject it into a muscle if your doctor has told you to.

Tell your doctor if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines (see also section "Warnings and precautions"). Admelog with alcohol Your blood sugar levels may change if you drink alcohol. Therefore the amount of insulin needed may change. Pregnancy and breast-feeding If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor for advice before taking this medicine. The amount of insulin you need usually falls during the first three months of pregnancy and increases for the remaining six months. If you are breast-feeding, you may need to alter your insulin intake or diet. Driving and using machines Your ability to concentrate and react may be reduced if you have hypoglycaemia. Please keep this possible problem in mind in all situations where you might put yourself and others at risk (e.g. driving a car or using machines). You should contact your doctor about the advisability of driving if you have:

  • frequent episodes of hypoglycaemia
  • reduced or absent warning signs of hypoglycaemia Admelog contains sodium This medicine contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) sodium per dose, that is to say essentially "sodium-free".

Admelog is suitable for use in adults and children.

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Always use this medicine exactly as your doctor has told you. Check with your doctor if you are not sure.

Preparing Admelog

  • Admelog is already dissolved in water, so you do not need to mix it. But you must use it only if it looks like water. It must be clear, have no colour and no solid pieces in it. Check each time you inject yourself. Injecting Admelog
  • First wash your hands.
  • Before you make an injection, clean your skin as you have been instructed. Clean the rubber stopper on the vial, but do not remove the stopper.
  • Use a clean, sterile syringe and needle to pierce the rubber stopper and draw in the amount of Admelog you want. Your doctor or clinic will tell you how to do this. Do not share your needles and syringes.
  • Inject under the skin, as you were taught. Do not inject directly into a vein. After your injection, leave the needle in the skin for five seconds to make sure you have injected the whole dose. Do not rub the area you have just injected. Make sure you inject at least half an inch (1 cm) from the last injection and that you 'rotate' the places you inject, as you have been taught. It doesn't matter which injection site you use, either upper arm, thigh, buttock or abdomen, your Admelog injection will still work quicker than soluble human insulin.
  • Your doctor will tell you if you have to mix Admelog with one of the human insulins. For example if you do need to inject a mixture, draw the Admelog into the syringe before the long acting insulin. Inject the liquid as soon as you have mixed it. Do the same thing every time.

Druckbare Farben / Printing colours

Technische Information / Technical information

PANTONE Process Black C

Kontur / Outline

  • You should not normally mix Admelog with one of the mixtures of human insulins. You should never mix Admelog with insulins produced by other manufacturers or animal insulins.
  • You must not administer Admelog by the intravenous route (IV). Inject Admelog as your physician or nurse has taught you. Only your physician can administer Admelog by the intravenous route. He will only do this under special circumstances such as surgery or if you are ill and your glucose levels are too high. Using Admelog in an infusion pump
  • Only certain CE-marked insulin infusion pumps may be used to infuse insulin lispro. Before infusing insulin lispro, the manufacturer's instructions should be studied to ascertain the suitability or otherwise for the particular pump. Read and follow the instructions in the product literature supplied with the infusion pump.
  • Be sure to use the correct reservoir and catheter for your pump.
  • Changing of the infusion set (tubing and needle) must be done according to the instructions in the product information supplied with the infusion set.
  • In the event of a hypoglycaemic episode, the infusion should be stopped until the episode is resolved. If repeated or severe low blood glucose levels occur, notify your doctor or clinic and consider the need to reduce or stop your insulin infusion.
  • A pump malfunction or obstruction of the infusion set can result in a rapid rise in glucose levels. If an interruption to insulin flow is suspected, follow the instructions in the product literature and if appropriate, notify your doctor or clinic.
  • When used with an insulin infusion pump, Admelog should not be mixed with any other insulin. If you use more Admelog than you should If you use more Admelog than you need, or are unsure how much you have injected, a low blood sugar may occur. Check your blood sugar. If your blood sugar is low (mild hypoglycaemia), eat glucose tablets, sugar or drink a sugary drink. Then eat fruit, biscuits, or a sandwich, as your doctor has advised you and have some rest. This will often get you over mild hypoglycaemia or a minor insulin overdose. If you get worse and your breathing is shallow and your skin gets pale, tell your doctor at once. A glucagon injection can treat quite severe hypoglycaemia. Eat glucose or sugar after the glucagon injection. If you do not respond to glucagon, you will have to go to hospital. Ask your doctor to tell you about glucagon. If you forget to use Admelog If you use less Admelog than you need, or are unsure how much you have injected, a high blood sugar may occur. Check your blood sugar.

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If hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) is not treated, they can be very serious and cause headaches, feeling sick (nausea), being sick (vomiting), loss of fluids (dehydration), unconsciousness, coma or even death (see "Hypoglycaemia" and "Hyperglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis" in section 4 "Possible Side Effects"). Three simple steps to avoid hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia are:

  • Always keep spare syringes and a spare vial of Admelog.
  • Always carry something to show you are diabetic.
  • Always carry sugar with you. If you stop using Admelog If you use less Admelog than you need, a high blood sugar may occur. Do not change your insulin unless your doctor tells you to. If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist. 4. Possible side effects Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Systemic allergy is rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people). The symptoms are as follows:
  • rash over the
  • blood pressure whole body dropping
  • difficulty in
  • heart beating breathing fast
  • wheezing
  • sweating If you think you are having this sort of insulin allergy with Admelog, tell your doctor at once. Local allergy is common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people). Some people get redness, swelling or itching around the area of the insulin injection. This usually clears up in anything from a few days to a few weeks. If this happens to you, tell your doctor. Skin changes at the injection site Lipodystrophy is uncommon (it may affect up to 1 in 100 people). If you inject insulin too often at the same place, the fatty tissue may either shrink (lipoatrophy) or thicken (lipohypertrophy). Lumps under the skin may also be caused by build-up of a protein called amyloid (cutaneous amyloidosis; how often this occurs is not known). The insulin may not work very well if you inject into a lumpy area. Change the injection site with each injection to help prevent these skin changes. Oedema (e.g. swelling in arms, ankles; fluid retention) has been reported, particularly at the start of insulin therapy or during a change in therapy to improve control of your blood glucose.

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Reporting of side effects If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any

Possible side effects

not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store. By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine. Common problems of diabetes A. Hypoglycaemia Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) means there is not enough sugar in the blood. This can be caused if:

  • you inject too much Admelog or other insulin;
  • you miss or delay meals or change your diet;
  • you exercise or work too hard just before or after a meal;
  • you have an infection or illness (especially diarrhoea or vomiting);
  • there is a change in your need for insulin; or
  • you have trouble with your kidneys or liver which gets worse. Alcohol and some medicines can affect your blood sugar levels (see section 2). The first symptoms of low blood sugar usually come on quickly and include the following:
  • tiredness
  • rapid heartbeat
  • nervousness
  • feeling sick or shakiness
  • cold sweat
  • headache While you are not confident about recognising your warning symptoms, avoid situations, e.g. driving a car, in which you or others would be put at risk by hypoglycaemia. B. Hyperglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis Hyperglycaemia (too much sugar in the blood) means that your body does not have enough insulin. Hyperglycaemia can be brought about by:
  • not using your Admelog or other insulin;
  • using less insulin than your doctor tells you to;
  • eating a lot more than your diet allows; or
  • fever, infection or emotional stress. Hyperglycaemia can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis. The first symptoms come on slowly over many hours or days. The symptoms include the following:
  • feeling sleepy
  • no appetite
  • flushed face
  • fruity smell on
  • thirst the breath
  • feeling or being sick

Severe symptoms are heavy breathing and a rapid pulse. Get medical help immediately. C. Illness If you are ill, especially if you feel sick or are sick, the amount of insulin you need may change. Even when you are not eating normally, you still need insulin. Test your urine or blood, follow your 'sick rules', and tell your doctor.

How to store it

Admelog Keep out of the reach and sight of children. Do not use Admelog after the expiry date which is stated on the label and the carton. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.

Marketing Authorisation Holder Sanofi, 410 Thames Valley Park Drive, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 1PT, UK Tel: 0800 035 2525 Email: [email protected] Manufacturer Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. This leaflet does not contain all the information about your medicine. If you have any questions or are not sure about anything, ask your doctor or pharmacist This leaflet was last revised in February 2022

Before the first use store your medicine in a refrigerator (2°C – 8°C). Do not freeze. Keep the vial in the outer carton in order to protect from light. Keep your vial in use at room temperature (below 30°C) and dispose of after 4 weeks. Do not store the vial in a refrigerator. Keep the vial in the outer carton in order to protect from light. Do not use Admelog if it is coloured or it has solid pieces in it. You must use it only if it looks like water. Check this each time you inject yourself. Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help to protect the environment.

Contents of the pack and other information

What Admelog contains

  • The active substance is insulin lispro. One ml of the solution contains 100 units (equivalent to 3.5 mg) of insulin lispro. Each vial contains 10 ml of solution for injection, equivalent to 1,000 units.
  • The other ingredients are: metacresol, glycerol, disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate, zinc oxide and water for injection. Sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid may have been used to adjust the acidity (see section 2 "Admelog contains sodium"). What Admelog looks like and contents of the pack Admelog solution for injection in a vial is a clear, colourless, aqueous solution. Each vial contains 10 ml. The Admelog in a vial comes in a pack of 1 vial or 5 vials. Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

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903655 028 1 10.01.2024 KNE

Abmessungen / Dimensions: Schriftgröße / Font size: Zeilenabstand / Line spacing: Seite / Page:

420 × 296 mm 10 Pt 11 Pt 2/2

Druckbare Farben / Printing colours

Technische Information / Technical information

PANTONE Process Black C

Kontur / Outline

Frequently asked questions about Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial

How do I take Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial?

Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial comes as injection containing 100iu. Always follow the dose your doctor or pharmacist has given you, and read the leaflet that comes with the medicine.

What is the active substance in Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial?

The active substance in Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial is insulin lispro.

Are there equivalent medicines to Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial?

Medicines with the same active substance, strength and form include: Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in cartridge, Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in pre filled pen, Humalog 100 units/ml Junior KwikPen, solution for injection in a pre-filled pen. In total there are 10 equivalent products. They are interchangeable only if your prescriber or pharmacist says so.

Where does this information come from?

This leaflet reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial, as published on the electronic medicines compendium (emc). The version printed inside your medicine’s packaging is the one that applies to you.

Can I get Admelog 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial without a prescription?

Whether a medicine is available over the counter or on prescription only depends on its licence. Check the leaflet, or ask your pharmacist — they can tell you straight away.

About this leaflet

The text above reproduces the patient information leaflet approved for this medicine, restructured for easier reading.

Medical disclaimer: This page is for information only and does not replace advice from your doctor or pharmacist. Always read the leaflet supplied with your medicine. If you are unwell, call NHS 111; in an emergency, call 999.

Medicines with the same active substance: Insulin lispro (18 medicines)
See every medicine containing this substance, or browse the full A–Z of active substances.
⚕For healthcare professionals — Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)Full SmPC: dosage, interactions, contraindications, warnings+
Technical information intended for healthcare professionals (doctors and pharmacists). The Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) is the official document approved by the MHRA/EMA. It does not replace the patient leaflet or a doctor’s advice.

4.1. Therapeutic indications

For the treatment of adults and children with diabetes mellitus who require insulin for the maintenance of normal glucose homeostasis. Admelog is also indicated for the initial stabilisation of diabetes mellitus.

4.2. Posology and method of administration

Posology

The dose should be determined by the physician, according to the requirement of the patient.

Insulin lispro may be given shortly before meals. When necessary insulin lispro can be given soon after meals.

Insulin lispro takes effect rapidly and has a shorter duration of activity (2 – 5 hours) given subcutaneously as compared with regular insulin. This rapid onset of activity allows an Admelog injection (or, in the case of administration by continuous subcutaneous infusion, an Admelog bolus) to be given very close to mealtime. The time course of action of any insulin may vary considerably in different individuals or at different times in the same individual. The faster onset of action compared to soluble human insulin is maintained regardless of injection site. As with all insulin preparations, the duration of action of insulin lispro is dependent on dose, site of injection, blood supply, temperature, and physical activity.

Admelog can be used in conjunction with a longer-acting insulin or oral sulphonylurea medicinal products, on the advice of a physician.

Special populations

Renal impairment

Insulin requirements may be reduced in the presence of renal impairment.

Hepatic impairment

Insulin requirements may be reduced in patients with hepatic impairment due to reduced capacity for gluconeogenesis and reduced insulin breakdown; however, in patients with chronic hepatic impairment, an increase in insulin resistance may lead to increased insulin requirements.

Paediatric population

Admelog can be used in adolescents and children (see section 5.1).

Method of administration

Admelog solution for injection should be given by subcutaneous injection or by continuous subcutaneous infusion pump (see section 4.2) and may, although not recommended, also be given by intramuscular injection.

If necessary, Admelog may also be administered intravenously, for example, for the control of blood glucose levels during ketoacidosis, acute illnesses or during intra and post-operative periods.

Subcutaneous administration of Admelog

Subcutaneous administration should be in the upper arms, thighs, buttocks, or abdomen. Injection sites should always be rotated within the same region in order to reduce the risk of lipodystrophy and cutaneous amyloidosis (see section 4.4 and 4.8).

When administered subcutaneously care should be taken when injecting Admelog to ensure that a blood vessel has not been entered. After injection, the site of injection should not be massaged. Patients must be educated to use the proper injection techniques.

Use of Admelog in an insulin infusion pump

Admelog may be used for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in pump systems suitable for insulin infusion. Only certain CE-marked insulin infusion pumps may be used to infuse insulin lispro. Before infusing insulin lispro, the manufacturer's instructions should be studied to ascertain the suitability or otherwise for the particular pump. Read and follow the instructions that accompany the infusion pump. Use the correct reservoir and catheter for the pump. The infusion set (tubing and cannula) should be changed in accordance with the instructions in the product information supplied with the infusion set. In the event of a hypoglycaemic episode, the infusion should be stopped until the episode is resolved. If repeated or severe low blood glucose levels occur, notify your health care professional and consider the need to reduce or stop your insulin infusion. A pump malfunction or obstruction of the infusion set can result in a rapid rise in glucose levels. If an interruption to insulin flow is suspected, follow the instructions in the product literature and if appropriate, notify your health care professional. When used with an insulin infusion pump, Admelog should not be mixed with any other insulin.

Intravenous administration of Admelog

Admelog 100 units/ml is available in vials if administration of intravenous injection is necessary. Intravenous injection of insulin lispro should be carried out following normal clinical practice for intravenous injections, for example by an intravenous bolus or by an infusion system. Frequent monitoring of the blood glucose levels is required.

Infusion systems at concentrations from 0.1 – 1.0 units/ml insulin lispro in 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose are stable at room temperature for 48 hours. It is recommended that the system is primed before starting the infusion to the patient.

4.3. Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substance(s) or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.

Hypoglycaemia.

4.4. Special warnings and precautions for use

Traceability

In order to improve the traceability of biological medicinal products, the name and the batch number of the administered product should be clearly recorded.

Transferring a patient to another type or brand of insulin

Transferring a patient to another type or brand of insulin should be done under strict medical supervision. Changes in strength, brand (manufacturer), type (regular, NPH, lente, etc.), species (animal, human, human insulin analogue), and/or method of manufacture (recombinant DNA versus animal-source insulin) may result in the need for a change in dosage. For fast-acting insulins, any patient also on basal insulin must optimise dosage of both insulins to obtain glucose control across the whole day, particularly nocturnal/fasting glucose control.

Injection technique

Patients must be instructed to perform continuous rotation of the injection site to reduce the risk of developing lipodystrophy and cutaneous amyloidosis. There is a potential risk of delayed insulin absorption and worsened glycaemic control following insulin injections at sites with these reactions. A sudden change in the injection site to an unaffected area has been reported to result in hypoglycaemia. Blood glucose monitoring is recommended after the change in the injection site, and dose adjustment of antidiabetic medications may be considered.

Hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia

Conditions which may make the early warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia different or less pronounced include long duration of diabetes, intensified insulin therapy, diabetic nerve disease or medications such as beta-blockers.

A few patients who have experienced hypoglycaemic reactions after transfer from animal-source insulin to human insulin have reported that the early warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia were less pronounced or different from those experienced with their previous insulin. Uncorrected hypoglycaemic or hyperglycaemic reactions can cause loss of consciousness, coma, or death.

The use of doses which are inadequate or discontinuation of treatment, especially in insulin-dependent diabetics, may lead to hyperglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis; conditions which are potentially lethal.

Insulin requirements and dosage adjustment

Insulin requirements may be increased during illness or emotional disturbances.

Adjustment of dosage may also be necessary if patients undertake increased physical activity or change their usual diet. Exercise taken immediately after a meal may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia. A consequence of the pharmacodynamics of rapid-acting insulin analogues is that if hypoglycaemia occurs, it may occur earlier after an injection when compared with soluble human insulin.

Combination of Admelog with pioglitazone

Cases of cardiac failure have been reported when pioglitazone was used in combination with insulin, especially in patients with risk factors for development of cardiac heart failure. This should be kept in mind, if treatment with the combination of pioglitazone and Admelog is considered. If the combination is used, patients should be observed for signs and symptoms of heart failure, weight gain and oedema. Pioglitazone should be discontinued, if any deterioration in cardiac symptoms occurs.

Avoidance of medication errors when using Admelog

Patients must be instructed to always check the insulin label before each injection to avoid accidental mix-ups between Admelog and other insulin products.

When mixing insulin lispro with a longer acting insulin, the shorter-acting Admelog should be drawn into the syringe first, to prevent contamination of the vial by the longer-acting insulin. Mixing of the insulins ahead of time or just before the injection should be on advice of the physician. However, a consistent routine must be followed.

For further details on handling, see section 6.6.

Excipients

This medicinal product contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per dose, that is to say essentially “sodium-free”.

4.5. Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

Insulin requirements may be increased by medicinal products with hyperglycaemic activity, such as oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, or thyroid replacement therapy, danazol, beta2 stimulants (such as ritodrine, salbutamol, terbutaline).

Insulin requirements may be reduced in the presence of medicinal products with hypoglycaemic activity, such as oral hypoglycaemics, salicylates (for example, acetylsalicylic acid), sulpha antibiotics, certain antidepressants (monoamine oxidase inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), certain angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril, enalapril), angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers, octreotide or alcohol.

The physician should be consulted when using other medicinal products in addition to Admelog (see section 4.4).

4.6. Fertility, pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy

Data on a large number of exposed pregnancies do not indicate any adverse effect of insulin lispro on pregnancy or on the health of the fetus/newborn.

It is essential to maintain good control of the insulin-treated (insulin-dependent or gestational diabetes) patient throughout pregnancy. Insulin requirements usually fall during the first trimester and increase during the second and third trimesters. Patients with diabetes should be advised to inform their doctor if they are pregnant or are contemplating pregnancy. Careful monitoring of glucose control, as well as general health, is essential in pregnant patients with diabetes.

Breast-feeding

Patients with diabetes who are breast-feeding may require adjustments in insulin dose, diet or both.

Fertility

Insulin lispro did not induce fertility impairment in animal studies (see section 5.3).

4.7. Effects on ability to drive and use machines

The patient's ability to concentrate and react may be impaired as a result of hypoglycaemia. This may constitute a risk in situations where these abilities are of special importance (e.g. driving a car or using machines).

Patients should be advised to take precautions to avoid hypoglycaemia whilst driving, this is particularly important in those who have reduced or absent awareness of the warning signs of hypoglycaemia or have frequent episodes of hypoglycaemia. The advisability of driving should be considered in these circumstances.

4.8. Undesirable effects

Summary of the safety profile

Hypoglycaemia is the most frequent adverse reaction of insulin therapy that a patient with diabetes may suffer. Severe hypoglycaemia may lead to loss of consciousness, and in extreme cases, death. No specific frequency for hypoglycaemia is presented, since hypoglycaemia is a result of both the insulin dose and other factors e.g. a patient`s level of diet and exercise.

Tabulated list of adverse reactions

The following related adverse reactions from clinical investigations are listed below by system organ class and in order of decreasing incidence (very common: ≥1/10; common: ≥1/100 to <1/10; uncommon: ≥1/1,000 to <1/100; rare: ≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000; very rare: <1/10,000) and not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).

Within each frequency grouping, adverse reactions are presented in order of decreasing seriousness.

MedDRA system organ classes

Common

Uncommon

Rare

Not known

Immune system disorders

Local allergy

X

Systemic allergy

X

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

Lipodystrophy

X

Cutaneous amyloidosis

X

Description of selected adverse reactions

Local allergy

Local allergy in patients is common. Redness, swelling, and itching can occur at the site of insulin injection. This condition usually resolves in a few days to a few weeks. In some instances, this condition may be related to factors other than insulin, such as irritants in the skin cleansing agent or poor injection technique.

Systemic allergy

Systemic allergy, which is rare but potentially more serious, is a generalised allergy to insulin. It may cause a rash over the whole body, shortness of breath, wheezing, reduction in blood pressure, fast pulse, or sweating. Severe cases of generalised allergy may be life-threatening.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

Lipodystrophy and cutaneous amyloidosis may occur at the injection site and delay local insulin absorption. Continuous rotation of the injection site within the given injection area may help to reduce or prevent these reactions (see section 4.4).

Oedema

Cases of oedema have been reported with insulin therapy, particularly if previous poor metabolic control is improved by intensified insulin therapy.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

4.9. Overdose

Insulins have no specific overdose definitions because serum glucose concentrations are a result of complex interactions between insulin levels, glucose availability and other metabolic processes. Hypoglycaemia may occur as a result of an excess of insulin activity relative to food intake and energy expenditure.

Hypoglycaemia may be associated with listlessness, confusion, palpitations, headache, sweating and vomiting.

Mild hypoglycaemic episodes will respond to oral administration of glucose or other sugar or saccharated products.

Correction of moderately severe hypoglycaemia can be accomplished by intramuscular or subcutaneous administration of glucagon, followed by oral carbohydrate when the patient recovers sufficiently. Patients who fail to respond to glucagon must be given glucose solution intravenously.

If the patient is comatose, glucagon should be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously. However, glucose solution must be given intravenously if glucagon is not available or if the patient fails to respond to glucagon. The patient should be given a meal as soon as consciousness is recovered.

Sustained carbohydrate intake and observation may be necessary because hypoglycaemia may recur after apparent clinical recovery.

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